References I-M



Ignat'eva, E. L., 1975. [Apical growth of the bud in Hydra]. Ontogenez 6, 630-4.

Ignat'eva, E. L. and Belousov, L. V., 1977. [Movement of the embryonic layers of a growing hydra bud]. Ontogenez 8, 191-4.

Iida, Y., 1982. Molecular evolution of protein. Internal homology in the amino acid sequence of calmodulin. J Mol Biol 159, 167-77.

Ikeda, M., Mitani, K. and Ito, K., 1988. Palytoxin induces a nonselective cation channel in single ventricular cells of rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 337, 591-3.

Illarionov, B. A., Bondar, V. S., Illarionova, V. A. and Vysotski, E. S., 1995. Sequence of the cDNA encoding the Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein obelin from the hydroid polyp Obelia longissima. Gene 153, 273-4.

Imre, S., Oztunc, A., Celik, T. and Wagner, H., 1987. Isolation of caffeine from the gorgonian Paramuricea chamaeleon. J Nat Prod 50, 1187.

Ingram, D. M., Sheiner, H. J. and Ginsberg, A. M., 1992. Mondor's disease of the breast resulting from jellyfish sting. Med J Aust 157, 836-7.

Inoue, K., Yamazaki, H., Manabe, Y., Fukuda, C., Hanai, K. and Fushiki, T., 1999. Transforming growth factor-beta activated during exercise in brain depresses spontaneous motor activity of animals. Relevance To central fatigue. Brain Res 846, 145-53.

Inouye, S., Aoyama, S., Miyata, T., Tsuji, F. I. and Sakaki, Y., 1989. Overexpression and purification of the recombinant Ca2+-binding protein, apoaequorin. J Biochem (Tokyo) 105, 473-7.

Inouye, S., Ogawa, H., Yasuda, K., Umesono, K. and Tsuji, F. I., 1997. A bacterial cloning vector using a mutated Aequorea green fluorescent protein as an indicator. Gene 189, 159-62.

Inouye, S. and Shimomura, O., 1997. The use of Renilla luciferase, Oplophorus luciferase, and apoaequorin as bioluminescent reporter protein in the presence of coelenterazine analogues as substrate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 233, 349-53.

Inouye, S. and Tsuji, F. I., 1994. Aequorea green fluorescent protein. Expression of the gene and fluorescence characteristics of the recombinant protein. FEBS Lett 341, 277-80.

Inouye, S. and Tsuji, F. I., 1994. Evidence for redox forms of the Aequorea green fluorescent protein. FEBS Lett 351, 211-4.

Inouye, S., Zenno, S., Sakaki, Y. and Tsuji, F. I., 1991. High-level expression and purification of apoaequorin. Protein Expr Purif 2, 122-6.

Isas, J. M., Cartailler, J. P., Sokolov, Y., Patel, D. R., Langen, R., Luecke, H., Hall, J. E. and Haigler, H. T., 2000. Annexins V and XII insert into bilayers at mildly acidic pH and form ion channels. Biochemistry 39, 3015-22.

Isenberg, G. and Ravens, U., 1984. The effects of the Anemonia sulcata toxin (ATX II) on membrane currents of isolated mammalian myocytes. J Physiol (Lond) 357, 127-49.

Ishida, M., Yokoyama, A., Shimakura, K., Nagashima, Y. and Shiomi, K., 1997. Halcurin, a polypeptide toxin from the sea anemone Halcurias sp., with a structural resemblance to type 1 and 2 toxins. Toxicon 35, 537-44.

Ishida, Y., Kajiwara, A., Takagi, K., Ohizumi, Y. and Shibata, S., 1985. Dual effect of ouabain on the palytoxin-induced contraction and norepinephrine release in the guinea-pig vas deferens. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 232, 551-6.

Ishida, Y., Satake, N., Habon, J., Kitano, H. and Shibata, S., 1985. Inhibitory effect of ouabain on the palytoxin-induced contraction of human umbilical artery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 232, 557-60.

Ishida, Y., Takagi, K., Takahashi, M., Satake, N. and Shibata, S., 1983. Palytoxin isolated from marine coelenterates. The inhibitory action on (Na,K)-ATPase. J Biol Chem 258, 7900-2.

Ishikawa, H., 1975. Comparative studies on the thermal stability of animal ribosomal RNA's--III. Sponge (Porifera) and the other species (Tetrahymena and Lachnus). Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 51, 81-5.

Ishikawa, H., 1975. Comparative studies on the thermal stability of animal ribosomal RNA's. II. Sea-anemones (Coelenterata). Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 50, 1-4.

Ishikawa, Y., Onodera, K. and Takeuchi, A., 1979. Purification and effect of the neurotoxin from the sea anemone Parasicyonis actinostoloides. J Neurochem 33, 69-73.

Ishitani, K., Itakura, E., Goto, S. and Esashi, T., 1999. Calcium absorption from the ingestion of coral-derived calcium by humans. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 45, 509-17.

Ishizaki, H., McKay, R. H., Norton, T. R., Yasunobu, K. T., Lee, J. and Tu, A. T., 1979. Conformational studies of peptide heart stimulant anthopleurin A. Laser Raman, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectral studies, and Chou-Fasman calculations. J Biol Chem 254, 9651-6.

Issahakian, S. and Ouhayoun, J. P., 1989. [Clinical and histological evaluation of a new filling material: natural coral]. J Parodontol 8, 251-9.

Issahakian, S., Ouhayoun, J. P., Guillemin, G. and Patat, J. L., 1987. [Madreporic coral]. Inf Dent 69, 2123-32.

Itayama, T. and Sawada, Y., 1995. Development of electrical activity in regenerating aggregates of hydra cells. J Exp Zool 273, 519-26.

Itic, J. and Serfaty, R., 1990. [Biological glues and biomaterials in periodontal surgery. Description of a surgical reattachment technic]. J Parodontol 9, 19-27.

Ito, E., Ohkusu, M., Terao, K. and Yasumoto, T., 1997. Effects of repeated injections of palytoxin on lymphoid tissues in mice. Toxicon 35, 679-88.

Ito, E., Ohkusu, M. and Yasumoto, T., 1996. Intestinal injuries caused by experimental palytoxicosis in mice. Toxicon 34, 643-52.

Ito, K., Karaki, H. and Urakawa, N., 1977. The mode of contractile action of palytoxin on vascular smooth muscle. Eur J Pharmacol 46, 9-14.

Ito, K., Karaki, H. and Urakawa, N., 1979. Effects of palytoxin on mechanical and electrical activities of guinea pig papillary muscle. Jpn J Pharmacol 29, 467-76.

Ito, K., Saruwatari, N., Mitani, K. and Enomoto, Y., 1985. Characterization of depolarization induced by palytoxin and grayanotoxin-I in isolated cardiac tissues from dogs and guinea pigs. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 330, 67-73.

Ito, K., Urakawa, N., Karaki, H., Ishida, Y. and Deguchi, K., 1975. [Proceedings: Effects of palythoatoxin of Palythoa tuberculosa on smooth muscles]. Nippon Heikatsukin Gakkai Zasshi 11, 283-4.

Ito, K., Urakawa, N. and Koike, H., 1982. Cardiovascular toxicity of palytoxin in anesthetized dogs. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 258, 146-54.

Ivanov, A. V., 1976. [New support for the theory of I.I. Mechnikov concerning the origin of multicellular animals]. Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol 70, 53-7.

Iwashima, M., Nara, K. and Iguchi, K., 2000. New marine steroids, yonarasterols, isolated from the okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Steroids 65, 130-7.

Izutsu, K. T. and Felton, S. P., 1972. Plasma calcium assay, with use of the jellyfish protein, aequorin, as a reagent. Clin Chem 18, 77-9.

Izutsu, K. T., Felton, S. P., Siegel, I. A., Nicholls, J. I., Crawford, J., McGough, J. and Yoda, W. T., 1974. An investigation of the ionic calcium assay based on the jellyfish protein aequorin. Anal Biochem 58, 479-84.

Izutsu, K. T., Felton, S. P., Siegel, I. A., Yoda, W. T. and Chen, A. C., 1972. Aequorin: its ionic specificity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 49, 1034-9.

Izutsu, K. T., Felton, S. P., Siegel, I. A., Yoda, W. T., Crawford, J. and McGough, J., 1974. Ion specificity of the aequorin luminescent reaction. Physiol Chem Phys 6, 299-308.

Jaber, S., Klein, B. Y., Leichter, I., Ben-Bassat, H., Gal, I., Liebergall, M. and Segal, D., 1995. Tibial implant mineralization in rats is inversely related to serum osteogenic capacity. Bone 16, 81-4.

Jackson, A. J. and McFarlane, I. D., 1976. Delayed initiation of SS1 pulses in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica: evidence for a fourth conducting system. J Exp Biol 65, 539-52.

Jacques, Y., Fosset, M. and Lazdunski, M., 1978. Molecular properties of the action potential Na+ ionophore in neuroblastoma cells. Interactions with neurotoxins. J Biol Chem 253, 7383-92.

Jacques, Y., Frelin, C., Vigne, P., Romey, G., Parjari, M. and Lazdunski, M., 1981. Neurotoxins specific for the sodium channel stimulate calcium entry into neuroblastoma cells. Biochemistry 20, 6219-25.

Jacques, Y., Romey, G. and Lazdunski, M., 1980. Toxin-induced K+ efflux through the Na+ channel of neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Biochem 111, 265-73.

Jammet, P., 1993. [Coral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery. Results of an experimental study on sheep]. Chirurgie 119, 273-7.

Jammet, P., Souyris, F., Baldet, P., Bonnel, F. and Huguet, M., 1994. The effect of different porosities in coral implants: an experimental study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 22, 103-8.

Jantzen, H., Hassel, M. and Schulze, I., 1998. Hydroperoxides mediate lithium effects on regeneration in Hydra. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol 119, 165-75.

Jara, H. and Wehrli, F. W., 1994. Determination of background gradients with diffusion MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 4, 787-97.

Javois, L. C., 1990. Patterning of the head in hydra as visualized by a monoclonal antibody: III. The dynamics of head regeneration. J. Exp. Zool. 254, 155-64.

Javois, L. C., 1994. Fluorescent labeling of surface or intracellular antigens in whole-mounts. Methods Mol. Biol. 34, 143-53.

Javois, L. C. and Bessette, D. R., 1996. The dynamics of head activation changes during proportioning in Hydra oligactis with altered head-body ratios. Dev Biol 177, 323-31.

Javois, L. C., Bode, P. M. and Bode, H. R., 1988. Patterning of the head in hydra as visualized by a monoclonal antibody, II. The initiation and localization of head structures in regenerating pieces of tissue. Dev. Biol. 129, 390-9.

Javois, L. C. and Frazier-Edwards, A. M., 1991. Simultaneous effects of head activator on the dynamics of apical and basal regeneration in Hydra vulgaris (formerly Hydra attenuata). Dev. Biol. 144, 78-85.

Javois, L. C. and Frazieredwards, A. M., 1991. Simultaneous Effects Of Head Activator On the Dynamics Of Apical and Basal Regeneration In Hydra vulgaris (Formerly Hydra attenuata). Developmental Biology 144, 78-85.

Javois, L. C. and Tombe, V. K., 1991. Head Activator Does Not Qualitatively Alter Head Morphology In Regenerates Of Hydra oligactis. Rouxs Archives Of Developmental Biology 199, 402-408.

Javois, L. C., Wood, R. D. and Bode, H. R., 1986. Patterning of the head in hydra as visualized by a monoclonal antibody. I. Budding and regeneration. Dev. Biol. 117, 607-18.

Jean, A., Soyer, A., Epelboin, Y. and Ouhayoun, J. P., 1996. Digital image ratio: a new radiographic method for quantifying changes in alveolar bone. Part II: Clinical application. J Periodontal Res 31, 533-9.

Jefferies, N. J. and Rushby, N., 1997. Caribbean itch: eight cases and one who didn't (Exercise Blue Calypso Diamond). J R Army Med Corps 143, 163-4.

Jegla, T., Grigoriev, N., Gallin, W. J., Salkoff, L. and Spencer, A. N., 1995. Multiple Shaker potassium channels in a primitive metazoan. J Neurosci 15, 7989-99.

Jegla, T. and Salkoff, L., 1994. Molecular evolution of K+ channels in primitive eukaryotes. Soc. Gen. Physiol. Ser. 49, 213-22.

Jegla, T. and Salkoff, L., 1997. A novel subunit for shal K+ channels radically alters activation and inactivation. J Neurosci 17, 32-44.

Jensen, B. S., Strobaek, D., Christophersen, P., Jorgensen, T. D., Hansen, C., Silahtaroglu, A., Olesen, S. P. and Ahring, P. K., 1998. Characterization of the cloned human intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel. Am J Physiol 275, C848-56.

Jensen, S. S., Aaboe, M., Pinholt, E. M., Hjorting-Hansen, E., Melsen, F. and Ruyter, I. E., 1996. Tissue reaction and material characteristics of four bone substitutes. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 11, 55-66.

Jeon, K. W., 1977. A new method for obtaining aposymbiotic hydra using trimethoprim as a bleaching agent. Dev. Biol. 59, 255-8.

Jeziorski, M. C., Greenberg, R. M. and Anderson, P. A., 1997. Cloning of a putative voltage-gated sodium channel from the turbellarian flatworm Bdelloura candida. Parasitology 115, 289-96.

Jeziorski, M. C., Greenberg, R. M. and Anderson, P. A., 1999. Cloning and expression of a jellyfish calcium channel beta subunit reveal functional conservation of the alpha1-beta interaction. Receptors Channels 6, 375-86.

Jeziorski, M. C., Greenberg, R. M., Clark, K. S. and Anderson, P. A., 1998. Cloning and functional expression of a voltage-gated calcium channel alpha1 subunit from jellyfish. J Biol Chem 273, 22792-9.

Jha, R. K. and Mackie, G. O., 1967. The recognition, distribution and ultrastructure of hydrozoan nerve elements. J Morphol 123, 43-61.

Jimenez, C. and Crews, P., 1993. 13C-NMR assignments and cytotoxicity assessment of zoanthoxanthin alkaloids from zoanthid corals. J Nat Prod 56, 9-14.

Johnsen, S., 2000. Transparent animals. Sci Am 282, 80-9.

Johnsn, F. H. and Shimomura, O., 1972. Preparation and use of aequorin for rapid microdetermination of Ca 2+ in biological systems. Nat New Biol 237, 287-8.

Johnson, E. M., 1980. A subvertebrate system for rapid determination of potential teratogenic hazards. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 4, 153-6.

Johnson, E. M., 1985. A review of advances in prescreening for teratogenic hazards. Prog. Drug. Res. 29, 121-54.

Johnson, E. M. and Chun, Y. H., 1985. In vitro assessment of abnormal developmental biology. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 163C, 231-7.

Johnson, E. M. and Chun, Y. H., 1989. In vitro differential developmental toxicity of vitamin A congeners. Teratology 39, 349-61.

Johnson, E. M. and Dansky, L. A., 1987. A hydra assay as a pre-screen for teratogenic potential [letter]. Food Chem. Toxicol. 25, 637-8.

Johnson, E. M. and Gabel, B. E., 1983. An artificial 'embryo' for detection of abnormal developmental biology. Fundam. App.l Toxicol. 3, 243-9.

Johnson, E. M., Gabel, B. E., Christian, M. S. and Sica, E., 1986. The developmental toxicity of xylene and xylene isomers in the Hydra assay. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 82, 323-8.

Johnson, E. M., Gabel, B. E. and Larson, J., 1984. Developmental toxicity and structure/activity correlates of glycols and glycol ethers. Environ. Health Perspect. 57, 135-9.

Johnson, E. M., Gorman, R. M., Gabel, B. E. and George, M. E., 1982. The Hydra attenuata system for detection of teratogenic hazards. Teratog. Carcinog. Mutagen. 2, 263-76.

Johnson, M. C. and Wuensch, K. L., 1994. An investigation of habituation in the jellyfish Aurelia aurita. Behav Neural Biol 61, 54-9.

Johnson, M. K., Alexander, K. E., Lindquist, N. and Loo, G., 1999. Potent antioxidant activity of a dithiocarbamate-related compound from a marine hydroid. Biochem Pharmacol 58, 1313-9.

Johnson, R. T. and Rao, P. N., 1971. Nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions in the acheivement of nuclear synchrony in DNA synthesis and mitosis in multinucleate cells. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 46, 97-155.

Jokiel, P. L. and Bigger, C. H., 1994. Aspects of histocompatibility and regeneration in the solitary reef coral Fungia scutaria. Biol Bull 186, 72-80.

Jones, H. P., Matthews, J. C. and Cormier, M. J., 1979. Isolation and characterization of Ca2+-dependent modulator protein from the marine invertebrate Renilla reniformis. Biochemistry 18, 55-60.

Jones, K., Hibbert, F. and Keenan, M., 1999. Glowing jellyfish, luminescence and a molecule called coelenterazine. Trends Biotechnol 17, 477-81.

Joosse, J., 1987. Evolutionary aspects of neuropeptides. Prog. Brain Res. 72, 35-45.

Jorgensen, J., Bender, K. and Baadsgaard, O., 1984. [Portuguese man-of-war and other coelenterates]. Ugeskr Laeger 146, 2233-5.

Joseph, J. D., 1979. Lipid composition of marine and estuarine invertebrates: porifera and cnidaria. Prog Lipid Res 18, 1-30.

Josephson, R. K., 1966. Mechanisms of pacemaker and effector integration in coelenterates. Symp Soc Exp Biol 20, 33-47.

Josephson, R. K., 1974. Factors affecting muscle activation in the hydroid Tubularia. Biol Bull 147, 594-607.

Josephson, R. K. and Macklin, M., 1967. Transepithelial potentials in Hydra. Science 156, 1629-31.

Josephson, R. K. and Rushforth, N. B., 1973. The time course of pacemaker inhibition in the hydroid Tubularia. J Exp Biol 59, 305-14.

Josephson, R. K. and Schwab, W. E., 1979. Electrical properties of an excitable epithelium. J Gen Physiol 74, 213-36.

Josephson, R. K. and Uhrich, J., 1969. Inhibition of pacemaker systems in the hydroid Tubularia. J Exp Biol 50, 1-14.

Jover, E., Martin-Moutot, N., Couraud, F. and Rochat, H., 1978. Scorpion toxin: specific binding to rat synaptosomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 85, 377-82.

Jubin, R. and Murray, M. G., 1998. Activity screening of bacteria containing Renilla luciferase plasmids. Biotechniques 24, 185-8.

Jurek, J. and Scheuer, P. J., 1993. Sesquiterpenoids and norsesquiterpenoids from the soft coral Lemnalia africana. J Nat Prod 56, 508-13.

Justus, T. and Thomas, S. M., 1999. Evaluation of transcriptional fusions with green fluorescent protein versus luciferase as reporters in bacterial mutagenicity tests. Mutagenesis 14, 351-6.

Kachar, B., Christakis, N. A., Reese, T. S. and Lane, N. J., 1986. The intramembrane structure of septate junctions based on direct freezing. J. Cell Sci. 80, 13-28.

Kahn, T. W., Beachy, R. N. and Falk, M. M., 1997. Cell-free expression of a GFP fusion protein allows quantitation in vitro and in vivo [letter]. Curr Biol 7, R207-8.

Kaiser, H. E., 1965. [Species specific studies on carcinogenesis. I. Studies on the reaction to injection, implantation and feeding of polycyclic hydrocarbons to Coelenterata and Echinodermata]. Arch Geschwulstforsch 25, 118-21.

Kajiwara, S., 1990. [Histopathological studies on tissue reactions to experimental root canal sealer in cats]. Fukuoka Shika Daigaku Gakkai Zasshi 17, 358-82.

Kakiuchi, S., Sobue, K., Yamazaki, R., Nagao, S., Umeki, S., Nozawa, Y., Yazawa, M. and Yagi, K., 1981. Ca2+-dependent modulator proteins from Tetrahymena pyriformis, sea anemone, and scallop and guanylate cyclase activation. J Biol Chem 256, 19-22.

Kalafatic, M., Znidaric, D. and Lui, A., 1991. Changes In Hydra vulgaris Pallas (Cnidaria) Caused By the Effect Of Torak-Ec-24 Insecticide. Acta Hydrochimica Et Hydrobiologica 19, 693-701.

Kalafatic, M., Znidaric, D. and Lui, A., 1991. The Effects Of Gamacide 20 Upon Hydra vulgaris Pallas (Cnidaria). Biologia 46, 245-250.

Kalafatic, M., Znidaric, D., Lui, A. and Wrischer, M., 1991. Effect of insecticides (Dimiline WP 25, Torak EC 24 and Gamacide 20) on hydra (Hydra vulgaris Pallas). Int. J. Dev. Biol. 35, 335-40.

Kalenikova, E. I., Tishchenko, V. A., Rubina, A., Sokolov, A. S., Blidchenko Iu, A., Kuznetsova, T. V. and Bespalova Zh, D., 1994. [Distribution of the peptide morphogen hydra--a head growth activator in rat organs after intravascular administration of the tritiated peptide]. Biull Eksp Biol Med 118, 466-9.

Kalyani, M., 1970. The imino acid content of the connective tissue of virgularia sp. (Cnidaria) and Triphyllozoon benemunitum nov-nov (Polyzoa). Biochim Biophys Acta 221, 135-6.

Kamernitskii, A. V., Kutnevich, I. A., Reshetova, I. G., Chernoburova, E. I., Gorshkov, B. A., Gorshkova, I. A. and Kapustina, II, 1991. [A new class of cardiotonic steroids (letter)]. Bioorg Khim 17, 141-3.

Kanazawa, M., Yano, M., Namchai, C., Yamamoto, S., Ohtake, A., Takayanagi, M., Mori, M. and Niimi, H., 1997. Visualization of mitochondria with green fluorescent protein in cultured fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 239, 580-4.

Kania, R. E., Meunier, A., Hamadouche, M., Sedel, L. and Petite, H., 1998. Addition of fibrin sealant to ceramic promotes bone repair: long-term study in rabbit femoral defect model. J Biomed Mater Res 43, 38-45.

Kanno, Y., Ashman, R. F. and Loewenstein, W. R., 1965. Nucleus and cell membrane conductance in marine oocytes. Exp Cell Res 39, 184-9.

Kano, S., Iizuka, T., Ishimura, Y., Fujiki, H. and Sugimura, T., 1987. Stimulation of superoxide anion formation by the non-TPA type tumor promoters palytoxin and thapsigargin in porcine and human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 143, 672-7.

Karaki, H., Nagase, H., Ohizumi, Y., Satake, N. and Shibata, S., 1988. Palytoxin-induced contraction and release of endogenous noradrenaline in rat tail artery. Br J Pharmacol 95, 183-8.

Karkhanis, Y. D. and Cormier, M. J., 1971. Isolation and properties of Renilla reniformis luciferase, a low molecular weight energy conversion enzyme. Biochemistry 10, 317-26.

Karlsson, K. A., 1970. On the chemistry and occurrence of sphingolipid long-chain bases. Chem Phys Lipids 5, 6-43.

Karlsson, K. A., Leffler, H. and Samuelsson, B. E., 1979. Characterization of cerebroside (monoglycosylceramide) from the sea anemone, Metridium senile. Identification of the major long-chain base as an unusual dienic base with a methyl branch at a double bond. Biochim Biophys Acta 574, 79-93.

Karlsson, K. A. and Samuelsson, B. E., 1974. The structure of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate from the sea anemone, Metridium senile. Biochim Biophys Acta 337, 204-13.

Karp, R. D. and Hildemann, W. H., 1975. Specific rejection of integumentary allografts by the sea star Dermasterias imbricata. Adv Exp Med Biol 64, 137-47.

Kashman, Y., Green, D., Garcia, C. and Garcia Arevalos, D., 1991. Verrucoside, a new cytotoxic pregnane glycoside from a gorgonian Eunicella verrucosa. J Nat Prod 54, 1651-5.

Kass-Simon, G., 1969. The regeneration gradients and the effects of budding, feeding, actinomycin and R Nase on reconstitution in Hydra attenuata Pall. Rev. Suisse Zool. 76, 565-99.

Kass-Simon, G. and Diesl, V. K., 1977. Spontaneous and evoked potentials from dissociated epithelial cells of Hydra. Nature 265, 75-7.

Kass-Simon, G. and Hufnagel, L. A., 1992. Suspected chemoreceptors in coelenterates and ctenophores. Microsc. Res. Tech. 22, 265-84.

Kass-Simon, G. and Potter, M., 1971. Arrested regeneration in the budding region of hydra as a result of abundant feeding. Dev. Biol. 24, 363-78.

Kasschau, M. R. and Howard, C. L., 1984. Free amino acid pool of a sea anemone: exposure and recovery after an oil spill. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 33, 56-62.

Kasschau, M. R., Skaggs, M. M. and Chen, E. C., 1980. Accumulation of glutamate in sea anemones exposed to heavy metals and organic amines. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 25, 873-8.

Kato, T., Kumanireng, A. S., Ichinose, I., Kitahara, Y. and Kakinuma, Y., 1975. Active components of Sargassum tortile effecting the settlement of swimming larvae of Coryne uchidai. Experientia 31, 433-4.

Katoh, Y. and Takayama, S., 1975. Abnormal regeneration of hydra induced with vinblastine sulfate. Gann. 66, 209-13.

Katzman, R. L., Halford, M. H., Reinhold, V. N. and Jeanloz, R. W., 1972. Isolation and structure determination of glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine from sponge and sea anemone collagen. Biochemistry 11, 1161-7.

Katzman, R. L. and Jeanloz, R. W., 1969. Acid polysaccharides from invertebrate connective tissue: phylogenetic aspects. Science 166, 758-9.

Katzman, R. L. and Jeanloz, R. W., 1970. Isolation of a peptide containing fucose, mannose and hexosamine from Metridium dianthus collagen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 40, 628-35.

Katzman, R. L. and Jeanloz, R. W., 1971. Are acidic polysaccharides involved in collagen fibril formation or stabilization? Biochim Biophys Acta 229, 516-21.

Katzman, R. L. and Kang, A. H., 1972. The presence of fucose, mannose, and glucosamine-containing heteropolysaccharide in collagen from the sea anemone Metridium dianthus. J Biol Chem 247, 5486-9.

Katzman, R. L., Kang, A. H. and Beachey, E. H., 1973. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation: involement of an active glycopeptide fragment (alpha1-CB5). Science 181, 670-2.

Katzman, R. L. and Oronsky, A. L., 1971. Evidence for a covalent linkage between heteropolysaccharide and an hydroxy proline-containing peptide from Metridium dianthus connective tissue. J Biol Chem 246, 5107-12.

Kaufman, M. B., 1992. Portuguese man-of-war envenomation. Pediatr Emerg Care 8, 27-8.

Kaul, P. N., 1981. Compounds from the sea with actions on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Fed Proc 40, 10-4.

Kaul, P. N. and Kulkarni, S. K., 1977. Pharmacologically active substances from the sea, II. Various cardiovascular activities found in the extracts of marine organisms. Lloydia 40, 253-68.

Keen, T. E., 1970. Recent investigations on sea-wasp stingings in Australia. Med J Aust 1, 266-70.

Keen, T. E., 1971. Comparison of tentacle extracts from Chiropsalmus quadrigatus and Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 9, 249-54.

Keen, T. E., 1972. Surface properties of the hemolytic fraction derived from tentacle extracts of Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 10, 587-96.

Keen, T. E., 1973. Interaction of the hemolysin of Chironex fleckeri tentacle extracts with lipid monolayers. Toxicon 11, 293-9.

Keen, T. E. and Crone, H. D., 1969. Dermatonecrotic properties of extracts from the tentacles of the cnidarian Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 7, 173-80.

Keen, T. E. and Crone, H. D., 1969. The hemolytic properties of extracts of tentacles from the cnidarian Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 7, 55-63.

Kehls, N. E., Herrmann, K. and Berking, S., 1999. The protein phosphatase inhibitor cantharidin induces head and foot formation in buds of Cassiopea andromeda (Rhizostomae, Scyphozoa). Int J Dev Biol 43, 51-7.

Kelman, S. N., Calton, G. J. and Burnett, J. W., 1984. Isolation and partial characterization of a lethal sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) mesenteric toxin. Toxicon 22, 139-44.

Kelso, G. J. and Blumenthal, K. M., 1998. Identification and characterization of novel sodium channel toxins from the sea anemone Anthopleura xanthogrammica. Toxicon 36, 41-51.

Kelso, G. J., Drum, C. L., Hanck, D. A. and Blumenthal, K. M., 1996. Role for Pro-13 in directing high-affinity binding of anthopleurin B to the voltage-sensitive sodium channel. Biochemistry 35, 14157-64.

Kem, W. R. and Dunn, B. M., 1988. Separation and characterization of four different amino acid sequence variants of a sea anemone (Stichodactyla helianthus) protein cytolysin. Toxicon 26, 997-1008.

Kem, W. R., Parten, B., Pennington, M. W., Price, D. A. and Dunn, B. M., 1989. Isolation, characterization, and amino acid sequence of a polypeptide neurotoxin occurring in the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus. Biochemistry 28, 3483-9.

Kemmner, W. and Schaller, H. C., 1981. Analysis of morphogenetic mutants of hydra. IV. Reg-16, a mutant deficient in head regeneration. Wilhelm Roux's Archives 190, 191-196.

Kendall, J. M. and Badminton, M. N., 1998. Aequorea victoria bioluminescence moves into an exciting new era. Trends Biotechnol 16, 216-24.

Kendall, J. M., Dormer, R. L. and Campbell, A. K., 1992. Targeting aequorin to the endoplasmic reticulum of living cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 189, 1008-16.

Kenesi, C., Voisin, M. C. and Dhem, A., 1997. [Additive medial osteotomy of the tibia locked with a coral callus. First results apropos of 38 operations]. Chirurgie 122, 379-82.

Kennedy, G. Y., 1975. Porphyrins in invertebrates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 244, 662-73.

Keppel, E. and Schaller, H. C., 1991. A 33 kDa protein with sequence homology to the 'laminin binding protein' is associated with the cytoskeleton in hydra and in mammalian cells. J. Cell Sci. 100, 789-97.

Kerfoot, P. A., Mackie, G. O., Meech, R. W., Roberts, A. and Singla, C. L., 1985. Neuromuscular transmission in the jellyfish Aglantha digitale. J Exp Biol 116, 1-25.

Kessler, E., Kauer, G. and Rahat, M., 1991. Excretion Of Sugars By Chlorella Species Capable and Incapable Of Symbiosis With Hydra viridis. Botanica Acta 104, 58-63.

Khan, A. R., Lemeignan, M. and Molgo, J., 1986. Effects of toxin II from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata on contractile and electrical responses of frog skeletal muscle fibres. Toxicon 24, 373-84.

Khan, M. A., Kamal, A., Wolin, R. J. and Runnels, J., 1972. In vivo and in vitro epoxidation of aldrin by aquatic food chain organisms. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 8, 219-28.

Khera, P. K., Benzinger, G. R., Lipkind, G., Drum, C. L., Hanck, D. A. and Blumenthal, K. M., 1995. Multiple cationic residues of anthopleurin B that determine high affinity and channel isoform discrimination. Biochemistry 34, 8533-41.

Khera, P. K. and Blumenthal, K. M., 1994. Role of the cationic residues arginine 14 and lysine 48 in the function of the cardiotonic polypeptide anthopleurin B. J Biol Chem 269, 921-5.

Khera, P. K. and Blumenthal, K. M., 1996. Importance of highly conserved anionic residues and electrostatic interactions in the activity and structure of the cardiotonic polypeptide anthopleurin B. Biochemistry 35, 3503-7.

Khlebovich, V. V. and Berger, V., 1975. [Phenotypic adaptations]. Zh Obshch Biol 36, 11-25.

Khodorov, B. I., 1980. [Pharmacologic analysis of sodium channel inactivation in a nerve fiber membrane]. Neirofiziologiia 12, 317-31.

Khodorov, B. I. and Zaborovskaya, L. D., 1983. Blockade of sodium and potassium channels in the node of Ranvier by ajmaline and N-propyl ajmaline. Gen Physiol Biophys 2, 233-68.

Khomichuk, A. Y. and Timoshin, S. S., 1990. Effect Of Hydra Undecapeptide Morphogen On Cell Division In the Albino Rat Corneal and Lingual Epithelium. Bulletin Of Experimental Biology and Medicine 110, 1424-1426.

Khomichuk, A. Y. and Timoshin, S. S., 1991. Participation Of Hydra Peptide Morphogen In Regulation Of Proliferation Of Various Albino Rat Tissues. Bulletin Of Experimental Biology and Medicine 112, 1332-1334.

Khomichuk, A. Y., Timoshin, S. S., Orlov, S. N., Pokudin, N. I. and Kubatiev, A. A., 1991. Hydra Peptide Morphogen Activates Na/H Exchange In Human Erythrocytes. Bulletin Of Experimental Biology and Medicine 111, 763-764.

Khoo, H. E., Fong, C. L., Yuen, R. and Chen, D., 1997. Stimulation of haemolytic activity of sea anemone cytolysins by 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulphonate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 232, 422-6.

Khoo, H. E., Lim, J. P. and Tan, C. H., 1995. Effects of sea anemone (Heteractis magnifica and Actinia equina) cytolysins on synaptosomal uptake of GABA and choline. Toxicon 33, 1365-71.

Khoo, K. S., Kam, W. K., Khoo, H. E., Gopalakrishnakone, P. and Chung, M. C., 1993. Purification and partial characterization of two cytolysins from a tropical sea anemone, Heteractis magnifica. Toxicon 31, 1567-79.

Kihara, H., Anraku, M., Ohno, M. and Hashimura, S., 1988. Tetrodotoxin-unaffected depolarization of frog muscles induced by the venom of jellyfish (Genus aurelia). Jpn J Physiol 38, 839-49.

Kikuchi, H., Manda, T., Kobayashi, K., Yamada, Y. and Iguchi, K., 1983. Anti-tumor activity of lemnalol isolated from the soft coral Lemnalia tenuis Verseveldt. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 31, 1086-8.

Kim, W., Song, J. I., Kim, E. K. and Kim, J., 1993. The 18S ribosomal RNA gene of an anthozoan Anthopleura kurogane: a comparison with Anemonia sulcata. Nucleic Acids Res 21, 4396.

Kimeldorf, D. J. and Fortner, R. W., 1971. The prompt detection of ionizing radiations by a marine coelenterate. Radiat Res 46, 52-63.

Kimura, S., Hashimoto, Y. and Yamazato, K., 1972. Toxicity of the zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa. Toxicon 10, 611-7.

King, G. K., 1991. Acute analgesia and cosmetic benefits of box-jellyfish antivenom [letter]. Med J Aust 154, 365-6.

King, M. G. and Spencer, A. N., 1979. Gap and septate junctions in the excitable endoderm of Polyorchis penicillatus (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae). J Cell Sci 36, 391-400.

Kingsley, R. J. and Watabe, N., 1982. Ultrastructural investigation of spicule formation in the gorgonian Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck) (Coelenterata: Gorgonacea). Cell Tissue Res 223, 325-34.

Kingsley, R. J. and Watabe, N., 1984. Synthesis and transport of the organic matrix of the spicules in the gorgonian Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck) (Coelenterata: Gorgonacea). An autoradiographic investigation. Cell Tissue Res 235, 533-8.

Kinnamon, J. C. and Westfall, J. A., 1982. Types of neurons and synaptic connections at hypostome-tentacle junctions in Hydra. J. Morphol. 173, 119-28.

Kinnamon, J. C. and Westfall, J. A., 1984. High voltage electron stereomicroscopy of the cilium-stereociliary complex of perioral sensory cells in Hydra. Tissue Cell 16, 345-53.

Kinoshita, K., Ikeda, M. and Ito, K., 1991. Properties of palytoxin-induced whole cell current in single rat ventricular myocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 344, 247-51.

Kinzie, R. A. d. and Chee, G. S., 1979. The effect of different zooxanthellae on the growth of experimentally reinfected hosts. Biol Bull 156, 315-27.

Kirkpatrick, D. S. and Bishop, S. H., 1973. Phosphonoprotein. Characterization of aminophosphonic acid rich glycoproteins from sea anemones. Biochemistry 12, 2829-40.

Kishimoto, Y., Murate, M. and Sugiyama, T., 1996. Hydra regeneration from recombined ectodermal and endodermal tissue. I. Epibolic ectodermal spreading is driven by cell intercalation. J Cell Sci 109, 763-72.

Kitagawa, I., Cui, Z., Son, B. W., Kobayashi, M. and Kyogoku, Y., 1987. Marine natural products. XVII. Nephtheoxydiol, a new cytotoxic hydroperoxy-germacrane sesquiterpene, and related sesquiterpenoids from an Okinawan soft coral of Nephthea sp. (Nephtheidae). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 35, 124-35.

Kitagawa, I. and Kobayashi, M., 1989. [Anti-tumor natural products isolated from marine organisms]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 16, 1-8.

Kitamura, Y., Taguchi, T., Yokoyama, M., Tamai, M., Yamatodani, A. and Watanabe, T., 1983. Increase in histidine decarboxylase activity in mouse skin after application of tumor promoters. Princess Takamatsu Symp 14, 327-34.

Kittakoop, P., Suttisri, R., Chaichantipyuth, C., Vethchagarun, S. and Suwanborirux, K., 1999. Norpregnane glycosides from a Thai soft coral, Scleronephthya pallida. J Nat Prod 62, 318-20.

Kittredge, J. S., Isbell, A. F. and Hughes, R. R., 1967. Isolation and characterization of the N-methyl derivatives of 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid from the sea anemone, Anthopleura xanthogrammica. Biochemistry 6, 289-95.

Kittredge, J. S. and Roberts, E., 1969. A carbon-phosphorus bond in nature. Science 164, 37-42.

Kizer, K. W., 1983. Marine envenomations. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 21, 527-55.

Kizer, K. W. and Piel, M., 1982. Arterial blood gas changes with bluebottle envenomation--a case report. Hawaii Med J 41, 193-4.

Kleinhaus, A. L., Cranefield, P. F. and Burnett, J. W., 1973. The effects on canine cardiac Purkinje fibers of Chrysaora quinquecirrha (sea nettle) toxin. Toxicon 11, 341-9.

Kleve, M. G. and Clark, W. H., Jr., 1980. Association of actin with sperm centrioles: isolation of centriolar complexes and immunofluorescent localization of actin. J Cell Biol 86, 87-95.

Kljajic, Z., Schroder, H. C., Rottmann, M., Cuperlovic, M., Movsesian, M., Uhlenbruck, G., Gasic, M., Zahn, R. K. and Muller, W. E., 1987. A D-mannose-specific lectin from Gerardia savaglia that inhibits nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA. Eur J Biochem 169, 97-104.

Klug, M. and Weber, J., 1991. An extract from Hydra vulgaris (Cnidaria) nematocysts increases cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels in fibroblasts. Toxicon 29, 129-33.

Klug, M., Weber, J. and Tardent, P., 1989. Hemolytic and toxic properties of Hydra attenuata nematocysts. Toxicon 27, 325-39.

Knap, A. H., Solbakken, J. E., Dodge, R. E., Sleeter, T. D., Wyers, S. J. and Palmork, K. H., 1982. Accumulation and elimination of (9-14C) phenanthrene in the reef-building coral (Diploria strigosa). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 28, 281-4.

Kobatake, E. and Sugiyama, T., 1989. Genetic analysis of developmental mechanisms in hydra. XIX. Stimulation of regeneration by injury in the regeneration-deficient mutant strain, reg-16. Development 105, 521-8.

Kobayashi, J., Cheng, J. F., Nakamura, H., Ohizumi, Y., Tomotake, Y., Matsuzaki, T., Grace, K. J., Jacobs, R. S., Kato, Y., Brinen, L. S. and et al., 1991. Structure and stereochemistry of brianolide, a new antiinflammatory diterpenoid from the Okinawan gorgonian Briareum sp. Experientia 47, 501-2.

Kobayashi, J., Ohizumi, Y., Nakamura, H., Yamakado, T., Matsuzaki, T. and Hirata, Y., 1983. Ca-antagonistic substance from soft coral of the genus Sarcophyton. Experientia 39, 67-9.

Kobayashi, M., 1994. Marine sterols. 27. 25-Hydroxy derivative of sarcosterol, a novel marine sterol with a 23-methyl and a 17(20)E-double bond, from the soft coral Sinularia mayi. Steroids 59, 27-9.

Kobayashi, M., Hayashi, T., Nakajima, F. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1979. Marine sterols. IX. Occurrence of 24 xi-methylcholestane-1 beta, 3 beta, 5 alpha, 6 beta, 25-pentol 25-monoacetate in the soft coral, Sarcophyton glaucum. Steroids 34, 285-93.

Kobayashi, M., Ishizaka, T. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1982. Marine sterols X. Minor constituents of the sterols of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Steroids 40, 209-21.

Kobayashi, M., Kondo, K., Osabe, K. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1988. Marine terpenes and terpenoids. V. Oxidation of sarcophytol A, a potent anti-tumor-promoter from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 36, 2331-41.

Kobayashi, M. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1982. Marine sterols. XII. Glaucasterol, a novel C27 sterol with a unique side chain, from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Steroids 40, 665-72.

Kobayashi, M. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1982. Marine sterols. XIII. Isolation and synthesis of 1 beta,3 beta,5,6 beta-tetrahydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-17-one from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Steroids 40, 673-7.

Kobayashi, M., Takahashi, M., Wada, H. and Satoh, N., 1993. Molecular phylogeny inferred from sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNA, supports the monophyly of the metazoa. Zoolog Sci 10, 827-33.

Kobayashi, M., Tomioka, A. and Mitsuhashi, H., 1979. Marine sterols. VIII. Isolation and structure of sarcosterol, a new sterol with a delta17(20)-double bond from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Steroids 34, 273-93.

Kobayashi, M., Wakiwaka, H., Watanabe, M., Mizuno, H., Karita, M., Maeda, M., Matsuura, Y., Fukunaga, S. and Yamada, H., 1996. In vitro evaluation of linear motor-driven total artificial heart. Artif Organs 20, 1320-4.

Koblick, D. C. and Epp, L. G., 1975. Control of growth of Hydra cultures by tissue potassium. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 50, 387-9.

Koblick, D. C. and Yu-Tu, L., 1967. The osmotic behavior of digestive cells of Chlorohydra viridissima. J Exp Zool 166, 325-30.

Koch, A. W., Holstein, T. W., Mala, C., Kurz, E., Engel, J. and David, C. N., 1998. Spinalin, a new glycine- and histidine-rich protein in spines of Hydra nematocysts. J Cell Sci 111, 1545-54.

Koch, O. M., Lee, C. K. and Uhlenbruck, G., 1982. Cerianthin lectins: a new group of agglutinins from Cerianthus membranaceus (Singapore). Immunobiology 163, 53-62.

Kodama, A. M., Hokama, Y., Yasumoto, T., Fukui, M., Manea, S. J. and Sutherland, N., 1989. Clinical and laboratory findings implicating palytoxin as cause of ciguatera poisoning due to Decapterus macrosoma (mackerel). Toxicon 27, 1051-3.

Kodama, I., Toyama, J., Shibata, S. and Norton, T. R., 1981. Electrical and mechanical effects of anthopleurin-A, a polypeptide from a sea anemone, on isolated rabbit ventricular muscle under conditions of hypoxia and glucose-free medium. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 3, 75-86.

Koehl, M. A., 1999. Ecological biomechanics of benthic organisms: life history, mechanical design and temporal patterns of mechanical stress. J Exp Biol 202 Pt 23, 3469-76.

Kohama, Y., Shimomura, O. and Johnson, F. H., 1971. Molecular weight of the photoprotein aequorin. Biochemistry 10, 4149-52.

Koizumi, O. and Bode, H. R., 1986. Plasticity in the nervous system of adult hydra. I. The position-dependent expression of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity. Dev. Biol. 116, 407-21.

Koizumi, O. and Bode, H. R., 1991. Plasticity in the nervous system of adult hydra. III. Conversion of neurons to expression of a vasopressin-like immunoreactivity depends on axial location. J. Neurosci. 11, 2011-20.

Koizumi, O., Heimfeld, S. and Bode, H. R., 1988. Plasticity in the nervous system of adult hydra. II. Conversion of ganglion cells of the body column into epidermal sensory cells of the hypostome. Dev. Biol. 129, 358-71.

Koizumi, O., Itazawa, M., Mizumoto, H., Minobe, S., Javois, L. C., Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J. and Bode, H. R., 1992. Nerve ring of the hypostome in hydra. I. Its structure, development, and maintenance. J. Comp. Neurol. 326, 7-21.

Koizumi, O. and Kijima, H., 1980. Specific S-methylglutathione incorporation into a nematocyst-rich fraction of hydra. Biochim Biophys Acta 629, 338-48.

Koizumi, O., Mizumoto, H., Sugiyama, T. and Bode, H. R., 1990. Nerve net formation in the primitive nervous system of Hydra -an overview. Neurosci. Res. Suppl. 13, S165-70.

Koizumi, O., Mizumoto, H., Sugiyama, T. and Bode, H. R., 1990. Nerve net formation in the primitive nervous system of Hydra--an overview. Neurosci Res Suppl 13, S165-70.

Koizumi, O., Wilson, J. D., Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J. and Westfall, J. A., 1989. Ultrastructural localization of RFamide-like peptides in neuronal dense-cored vesicles in the peduncle of Hydra. J. Exp. Zool. 249, 17-22.

Kokelj, F., Avian, M., Spanier, E. and Galil, B., 1995. Dermatotoxicity of 2 nematocyst preparations of the jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica. Contact Dermatitis 32, 244.

Kokelj, F. and Burnett, J. W., 1990. Treatment of a pigmented lesion induced by a Pelagia noctiluca sting. Cutis 46, 62-4.

Kokelj, F., Del Negro, P. and Montanari, G., 1992. Jellyfish dermatitis due to Carybdea marsupialis. Contact Dermatitis 27, 195.

Kokelj, F., Del Negro, P. and Tubaro, A., 1989. [Dermatotoxicity caused by Chrysaora hysoscella. Presentation of a case]. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 124, 297-8.

Kokelj, F., Lo Brutto, R. and Boccucci, N., 1999. Epidemiological study of human injuries following jellyfish stings in the Gulf of Trieste. Contact Dermatitis 41, 349-50.

Kokelj, F., Mianzan, H., Avian, M. and Burnett, J. W., 1993. Dermatitis due to Olindias sambaquiensis: a case report. Cutis 51, 339-42.

Kokelj, F., Stinco, G., Avian, M., Mianzan, H. and Burnett, J. W., 1995. Cell-mediated sensitization to jellyfish antigens confirmed by positive patch test to Olindias sambaquiensis preparations. J Am Acad Dermatol 33, 307-9.

Kokelj, F., Stinco, G. and Del Negro, P., 1990. [Dermatotoxicity of the Adriatic jellyfish]. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 125, 575-7.

Kokelj, K. and Burnett, J. W., 1988. [Unusual reactions induced by contact with the Pelagia noctiluca medusa. Presentation of 3 cases]. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 123, 501-3.

Kokke, W. C., Epstein, S., Look, S. A., Rau, G. H., Fenical, W. and Djerassi, C., 1984. On the origin of terpenes in symbiotic associations between marine invertebrates and algae (zooxanthellae). Culture studies and an application of 13C/12C isotope ratio mass spectrometry. J Biol Chem 259, 8168-73.

Kolberg, K. J. and Martin, V. J., 1988. Morphological, cytochemical and neuropharmacological evidence for the presence of catecholamines in hydrozoan planulae. Development 103, 249-58.

Kolenkine, X., 1991. Two Differentiation Pathways Of the Foot In two Species Of Hydras - Hydra attenuata and Hydra oligactis. Annales Des Sciences Naturelles-Zoologie Et Biologie Animale 12, 159-171.

Koljak, R., Boutaud, O., Shieh, B. H., Samel, N. and Brash, A. R., 1997. Identification of a naturally occurring peroxidase-lipoxygenase fusion protein. Science 277, 1994-6.

Kolkenbrock, H. and Tschesche, H., 1987. A new inhibitor of elastase from the sea anemone (Anemonia sulcata). Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 368, 93-9.

Komatsu, S., Furukawa, K., Abe, K., Hirano, H. and Ueda, M., 1992. Isolation and characterization of equinatoxins from the sea anemone Actinia equina L. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 40, 2873-5.

Komoda, Y., Kanayasu, T. and Ishikawa, M., 1979. Prostaglandin F 2 alpha from the Japanese coastal gorgonian, Euplexaura erecta. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 27, 2491-4.

Komoda, Y., Shimizu, M. and Ishikawa, M., 1984. Structures of biologically active minor bases related to paragracine from Parazoanthus gracilis Lwowsky. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 32, 3873-9.

Komoda, Y., Shimizu, M., Kaneko, S., Yamamoto, M. and Ishikawa, M., 1982. Chemistry of paragracine, a biologically active marine base from Parazoanthus gracilis (Lwowsky). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 30, 502-8.

Konig, G. M., Wright, A. D., Sticher, O., Angerhofer, C. K. and Pezzuto, J. M., 1994. Biological activities of selected marine natural products. Planta Med 60, 532-7.

Konya, R. S. and Elliott, R. C., 1996. The coronary vasoconstrictor action of extract IV from the dahlia sea anemone Tealia felina L. Toxicon 34, 277-82.

Kopecky, E. J. and Ostrander, G. K., 1999. Isolation and primary culture of viable multicellular endothelial isolates from hard corals. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 35, 616-24.

Kopjar, N., Kalafatic, M. and Znidaric, D., 1994. Combined Effect Of Gamacide-20 and Uv Irradiation On Green Hydra (Hydra viridissima Pallas). Biologia 49, 371-375.

Korf, G. M., Landers, J. P. and O'Kane, D. J., 1997. Capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for the analysis of free and immune-complexed green fluorescent protein. Anal Biochem 251, 210-8.

Korotkova, G. P. and Pylilo, I. V., 1970. [Regenerative phenomena in Ctenophora larvae]. Vestn Leningr Univ [Biol] 1, 21-8.

Korotkova, G. P. and Tokin, B. P., 1965. [On the reaction of sponges and coelenterates to beta-irradiation]. Radiobiologiia 5, 190-7.

Korotkova, G. P. and Tokin, B. P., 1968. Stimulation of the process of somatic embryogenesis in some porifera and coelenterata. I. Effect of cancerogenic agents on some porifera. Acta Biol 19, 465-74.

Korotkova, G. P. and Tokin, B. P., 1969. Stimulation of the processes of somatic embryogenesis in some Porifera and Coelenterata. 3. Effect of irradiation on the formative processes in sponges and coelenterata. Acta Biol 20, 141-52.

Korotkova, G. P. and Tokin, B. P., 1969. Stimulation of the processes of somatic embryogenesis in some porifera and coelenterata. II. Provocation of somatic embryogenesis in Laomedea flexuosa hinks by colchicine and mechanical injuries. Acta Biol 20, 35-42.

Kostrouch, Z., Kostrouchova, M., Love, W., Jannini, E., Piatigorsky, J. and Rall, J. E., 1998. Retinoic acid X receptor in the diploblast, Tripedalia cystophora. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, 13442-7.

Koyanagi, M., Ono, K., Suga, H., Iwabe, N. and Miyata, T., 1998. Phospholipase C cDNAs from sponge and hydra: antiquity of genes involved in the inositol phospholipid signaling pathway. FEBS Lett 439, 66-70.

Kozlovskaia, E. P., Ivanov, A. S., Mol'nar, A. A., Grigor'ev, P. A. and Monastyrnaia, M. M., 1984. [Ion channels in membranes induced by hemolysin from the sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus]. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 277, 1491-3.

Krebs, H. C., 1986. Recent developments in the field of marine natural products with emphasis on biologically active compounds. Fortschr Chem Org Naturst 49, 151-363.

Kreger, A. S., Bernheimer, A. W., Etkin, L. A. and Daniel, L. W., 1987. Phospholipase D activity of Vibrio damsela cytolysin and its interaction with sheep erythrocytes. Infect Immun 55, 3209-12.

Kreienkamp, H. J., Sine, S. M., Maeda, R. K. and Taylor, P., 1994. Glycosylation sites selectively interfere with alpha-toxin binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Biol Chem 269, 8108-14.

Kreis, P. and Cormier, M. J., 1967. Inhibition of Renilla reniformis bioluminescence by light: effects on luciferase and its substrates. Biochim Biophys Acta 141, 181-3.

Krenitsky, T. A., Tuttle, J. V., Cattau, E. L., Jr. and Wang, P., 1974. A comparison of the distribution and electron acceptor specificities of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 49, 687-703.

Krinsky, N. I. and Lenhoff, H. M., 1965. Some carotenoids in Hydra. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 16, 189-98.

Krisch, B., 1973. [On the apical organ (statocyst) of Pleurobrachia pileus (author's transl)]. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 142, 241-62.

Kroiher, M., 1999. In Hydra magnipapillata the activator of protein kinase C diC8 causes multiple head formation along the body axis only when accompanied by feeding, but heavy feeding alone is sufficient to cause multiple head formation. Int J Dev Biol 43, 817-21.

Kroiher, M., Reidling, J. C. and Steele, R. E., 2000. A gene whose major transcript encodes only the substrate-binding domain of a protein-tyrosine kinase. Gene 241, 317-24.

Krueger, B. K. and Blaustein, M. P., 1980. Regulation of neuronal sodium channels by neurotoxins. Ann N Y Acad Sci 358, 348-9.

Kruse, M., Mikoc, A., Cetkovic, H., Gamulin, V., Rinkevich, B., Muller, I. M. and Muller, W. E., 1994. Molecular evidence for the presence of a developmental gene in the lowest animals: identification of a homeobox-like gene in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium. Mech. Ageing Dev. 77, 43-54.

Kryshtal, O. A., Osipchuk Iu, V., Eliakov, G. B. and Kozlovskaia, E. P., 1982. [Effect of toxin from the sea anemone Homostichantus duerdemi on the sodium inward current in mammalian neurons]. Neirofiziologiia 14, 402-9.

Ksebati, M. B., Ciereszko, L. S. and Schmitz, F. J., 1984. 11 beta, 12 beta-Epoxypukalide, a furanocembranolide from the gorgonian Leptogorgia setacea. J Nat Prod 47, 1009-12.

Ksebati, M. B. and Schmitz, F. J., 1984. 24 epsilon-Methyl-5 alpha-cholestane-3 beta,5,6 beta,22r,24-pentol 6-acetate: new polyhydroxylated sterol from the soft coral Asterospicularia randalli. Steroids 43, 639-49.

Kuboki, Y., Takita, H., Kobayashi, D., Tsuruga, E., Inoue, M., Murata, M., Nagai, N., Dohi, Y. and Ohgushi, H., 1998. BMP-induced osteogenesis on the surface of hydroxyapatite with geometrically feasible and nonfeasible structures: topology of osteogenesis. J Biomed Mater Res 39, 190-9.

Kudo, Y. and Shibata, S., 1980. The potent depolarizing action of palytoxin isolated from Palythoa tubercurosa on the isolated spinal cord of the frog. Br J Pharmacol 71, 575-9.

Kudo, Y. and Shibata, S., 1980. The potent excitatory effect of a novel polypeptide, anthopleurin-B, isolated from a sea anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica) on the frog spinal cord. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 214, 443-8.

Kuhn, K., Streit, B. and Schierwater, B., 1996. Homeobox genes in the cnidarian Eleutheria dichotoma: evolutionary implications for the origin of Antennapedia-class (HOM/Hox) genes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 6, 30-8.

Kuhn, K., Streit, B. and Schierwater, B., 1999. Isolation of Hox genes from the scyphozoan Cassiopeia xamachana: implications for the early evolution of Hox genes. J Exp Zool 285, 63-75.

Kuhn, K., Streit, B. and Schierwater, B., 1999. Isolation of Hox genes from the scyphozoan Cassiopeia xamachana: Implications for the early evolution of Hox genes. J Exp Zool 285, 63-75.

Kumar, S., Harrylock, M., Walsh, K. A., Cormier, M. J. and Charbonneau, H., 1990. Amino acid sequence of the Ca2(+)-triggered luciferin binding protein of Renilla reniformis. FEBS Lett 268, 287-90.

Kumar, S., Hlady, W. G. and Malecki, J. M., 1997. Risk factors for seabather's eruption: a prospective cohort study. Public Health Rep 112, 59-62.

Kumazaki, T., Hori, H. and Osawa, S., 1982. The nucleotide sequence of 5 S ribosomal RNA from a sea anemone, Anthopleura japonica. FEBS Lett 146, 307-10.

Kumpfmuller, G., Rybakine, V., Takahashi, T., Fujisawa, T. and Bosch, T. C., 1999. Identification of an astacin matrix metalloprotease as target gene for Hydra foot activator peptides. Dev Genes Evol 209, 601-7.

Kuo, J. F. and Greengard, P., 1969. Cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases. IV. Widespread occurrence of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in various tissues and phyla of the animal kingdom. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 64, 1349-55.

Kurz, E. M., Holstein, T. W., Petri, B. M., Engel, J. and David, C. N., 1991. Mini-collagens in hydra nematocytes. J. Cell Biol. 115, 1159-69.

Kyburz, D., 1996. [A case from practice (366). Jellyfish sting--neurotoxic activity on the sensory nerves]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 85, 1596-7.

La Spada, G., Biundo, T., Nardella, R. and Meli, S., 1999. Regulatory volume decrease in nematocytes isolated from acontia of Aiptasia diaphana. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 45, 249-58.

Labas Iu, A., Belousov, L. V., Badenko, L. A. and Letunov, V. N., 1982. [Method of recording the linear growth and cell mass displacement of multicellular animals and plants]. Tsitologiia 24, 973-9.

Labas Iu, A. and Mashanskii, V. F., 1977. [Triggering and regulatory mechanisms of ciliary motion in the ctenophore Bolinopsis. III. Electric excitability and inherent contractility of ciliated cells]. Tsitologiia 19, 864-75.

Lacalli, T. C. and Harrison, L. G., 1979. Turing's conditions and the analysis of morphogenetic models. J. Theo.r Biol. 76, 419-36.

Lafranconi, W. M., Ferlan, I., Russell, F. E. and Huxtable, R. J., 1984. The action of equinatoxin, a peptide from the venom of the sea anemone, Actinia equina, on the isolated lung. Toxicon 22, 347-52.

Lagunowich, L. A., Donoso, L. A. and Grunwald, G. B., 1990. Identification of mammalian and invertebrate analogues of the avian calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein N-cadherin with synthetic-peptide directed antibodies against a conserved cytoplasmic domain. Biochem. Biophy.s Res. Commun. 172, 313-20.

Laing, J. H. and Harrison, D. H., 1991. Envenomation by the box-jellyfish--an unusual cause of ulnar nerve palsy. J R Soc Med 84, 115-6.

Lalwani, A. K., Han, J. J., Walsh, B. J., Zolotukhin, S., Muzyczka, N. and Mhatre, A. N., 1997. Green fluorescent protein as a reporter for gene transfer studies in the cochlea. Hear Res 114, 139-47.

Lane, C. E., 1964. General biology of Physalia. Contract Nonr 840 (17). US Navy Off Nav Res 1-17.

Lane, C. E., 1967. Pharmacologic action of Physalia toxin. Fed Proc 26, 1225-6.

Lane, C. E., Pringle, E. and Bergere, A. M., 1965. Amino acids in extracellular fluids of Physalia physalis and Aurelia aurita. Comp Biochem Physiol 15, 259-62.

Langdon, R. B. and Jacobs, R. S., 1983. Quantal analysis indicates an alpha-toxin-like block by lophotoxin, a non-ionic marine natural product. Life Sci 32, 1223-8.

Lange, R. G., Holzenburg, P. and Muller, W. A., 1990. Pulses Of Ammonia and Methylamine Induce Down-Regulation Of Nematocyte and Nerve Cell Populations In Hydrozoa (Hydra, Hydractinia). Rouxs Archives Of Developmental Biology 199, 123-133.

Lange, R. G. and Muller, W. A., 1991. SIF, a novel morphogenetic inducer in hydrozoa. Dev Biol 147, 121-32.

Langen, R., Isas, J. M., Hubbell, W. L. and Haigler, H. T., 1998. A transmembrane form of annexin XII detected by site-directed spin labeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, 14060-5.

Langley, R. L., 1994. Fatal animal attacks in North Carolina over an 18-year period. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 15, 160-7.

Langridge, W. H. and Szalay, A. A., 1998. Bacterial and coelenterate luciferases as reporter genes in plant cells. Methods Mol Biol 82, 385-96.

Larkman, A. U., 1983. An Ultrastructural study of oocyte growth within the endoderm and entry into the mesoglea in Actinia fragacea (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). J Morphol 178, 155-77.

Larkman, A. U., 1984. The fine structure of mitochondria and the mitochondrial cloud during oogenesis on the sea anemone Actinia. Tissue Cell 16, 393-404.

Larkman, A. U. and Carter, M. A., 1984. The apparent absence of a cortical reaction after fertilization in a sea anemone. Tissue Cell 16, 125-30.

Larsen, J. B. and Lane, C. E., 1970. Direct action of Physalia toxin on frog nerve and muscle. Toxicon 8, 21-3.

Laschinski, G., Vogel, R. and Spielmann, H., 1991. Cytotoxicity test using blastocyst-derived euploid embryonal stem cells: a new approach to in vitro teratogenesis screening. Reprod. Toxicol. 5, 57-64.

Lasker, H. R., Syron, J. A. and Clayton, W. S., Jr., 1982. The feeding response of Hydra viridis: effects of prey density on capture rates. Biol. Bull. 162, 290-298.

Lau, C. O., Khoo, H. E., Yuen, R., Wan, M. and Tan, C. H., 1993. Isolation of a novel fluorescent toxin from the coral reef crab, Lophozozymus pictor. Toxicon 31, 1341-5.

Lau, C. O., Ng, F. H., Khoo, H. E., Yuen, R. and Tan, C. H., 1996. Inhibition of sodium-dependent uptake processes in purified rat brain synaptosomes by Lophozozymus pictor toxin and palytoxin. Neurochem Int 28, 385-90.

Lau, C. O., Tan, C. H., Khoo, H. E., Yuen, R., Lewis, R. J., Corpuz, G. P. and Bignami, G. S., 1995. Lophozozymus pictor toxin: a fluorescent structural isomer of palytoxin. Toxicon 33, 1373-7.

Laubrock, A. and Schaller, H. C., 1996. Cloning and expression of a cdc25 homologue from hydra. Eur J Cell Biol 71, 319-23.

Lauffer, L., Stengelin, S., Beress, L. and Hucho, F., 1985. Palytoxin-induced permeability changes in excitable membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 818, 55-60.

Lava-Sanchez, P. A., Amaldi, F. and Posta, A. L., 1972. Base composition of ribosomal RNA and evolution. J Mol Evol 2, 44-55.

Lawn, I. D., 1976. Control of shell settling in the swimming sea anemone Stomphia coccinea. J Exp Biol 64, 419-29.

Lawn, I. D., 1976. Swimming in the sea anemone Stomphia coccinea triggered by a slow conduction system. Nature 262, 708-9.

Lawrence, J. C. and Catterall, W. A., 1981. Tetrodotoxin-insensitive sodium channels. Binding of polypeptide neurotoxins in primary cultures of rat muscle cells. J Biol Chem 256, 6223-9.

Lawrence, J. C. and Catterall, W. A., 1981. Tetrodotoxin-insensitive sodium channels. Ion flux studies of neurotoxin action in a clonal rat muscle cell line. J Biol Chem 256, 6213-22.

Lazdunski, M., Balerna, M., Barhanin, J., Chicheportiche, R., Fosset, M., Frelin, C., Jacques, Y., Lombet, A., Pouyssegur, J., Renaud, J. F., Romey, G., Schweitz, H. and Vincent, J. P., 1980. Molecular aspects of the structure and mechanism of the voltage-dependent sodium channel. Ann N Y Acad Sci 358, 169-82.

Lazdunski, M., Balerna, M., Chicheportiche, R., Fosset, M., Jacques, Y., Lombet, A., Romey, G. and Schweitz, H., 1979. Interaction of neurotoxins with the selectivity filter and the gating system of the sodium channel. Adv Cytopharmacol 3, 353-61.

Lazzaro, M., Tashjian, A. H., Jr., Fujiki, H. and Levine, L., 1987. Palytoxin: an extraordinarily potent stimulator of prostaglandin production and bone resorption in cultured mouse calvariae. Endocrinology 120, 1338-45.

Lebedev, A. V., 1974. [Nitrogenous extractive substances of invertebrate muscle tissue]. Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol 10, 232-42.

Lebedev, A. V. and Boldyrev, A. A., 1972. [Precursors of histidine-containing dipeptides in the muscle tissue of invertebrates]. Biokhimiia 37, 135-41.

Lebedko, O. A. and Timoshin, S. S., 1994. The Use Of a Nonopiate Leu-Enkephalin Analog and Of Hydra Peptide Morphogen For the Correction Of Proliferation Disturbances In Tracheal Epithelium and Of Lpo Processes In Lungs Of Newborn Rats Exposed to Prenatal Hypoxia. Bulletin Of Experimental Biology and Medicine 117, 536-538.

Ledger, P. W. and Franc, S., 1978. Calcification of the collagenous axial skeleton of Veretillum cynomorium pall. (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea). Cell Tissue Res 192, 249-66.

Lee, A. H., Han, J. M. and Sung, Y. C., 1997. Generation of the replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 which expresses a jellyfish green fluorescent protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 233, 288-92.

Lee, J., 1974. Bioluminescence. Photochem Photobiol 20, 535-9.

Lee, P. C. and Javois, L. C., 1993. Patterning of heads and feet during regeneration of Hydra oligactis aggregates. Dev. Biol. 157, 10-8.

Leitz, T., Beck, H., Stephan, M., Lehmann, W. D., De Petrocellis, L. and Di Marzo, V., 1994. Possible involvement of arachidonic acid and eicosanoids in metamorphic events in Hydractinia echinata (Coelenterata; Hydrozoa). J. Exp. Zool. 269, 422-31.

Leitz, T., Morand, K. and Mann, M., 1994. Metamorphosin A: a novel peptide controlling development of the lower metazoan Hydractinia echinata (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa). Dev Biol 163, 440-6.

Leitz, T., Muller, W., De Petrocellis, L. and Di Marzo, V., 1994. Enantiospecific synthesis of bioactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) in Hydra magnipapillata. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1213, 215-23.

Leitz, T. and Muller, W. A., 1987. Evidence for the involvement of PI-signaling and diacylglycerol second messengers in the initiation of metamorphosis in the hydroid Hydractinia echinata Fleming. Dev. Biol. 121, 82-9.

Lenarcic, B., Ritonja, A., Strukelj, B., Turk, B. and Turk, V., 1997. Equistatin, a new inhibitor of cysteine proteinases from Actinia equina, is structurally related to thyroglobulin type-1 domain. J Biol Chem 272, 13899-903.

Lenhoff, H. M., 1966. Influence of monovalent cations on the growth of Hydra littoralis. J. Exp. Zool. 163, 151-5.

Lenhoff, H. M., 1968. Behavior, hormones, and Hydra. Research on behavior of lower invertebrates may help elucidate some cellular actions of hormones. Science 161, 434-42.

Lenhoff, H. M., 1969. pH profile of a peptide receptor. Comp Biochem Physiol 28, 571-86.

Lenhoff, H. M. (ed.), 1970. Hydra: Essays on the biology of fresh water polyps. Transla. Earl T. Burrows and Howard M. Lenhoff. Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 1952, 452 p.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Bovaird, J., 1960. The enzymatic activation of a hormone-like response in Hydra by Proteases. Nature 187, 671-673.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Bovaird, J., 1960. The requirement of trace amounts of environmental sodium for the growth and development of Hydra. Exp. Cell Res. 20, 384-394.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Bovaird, J., 1961. Action of glutamic acid and glutathione analogues on the Hydra glutathione-receptor. Nature 189, 486-487.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Bovaird, J., 1961. A quantitative chemical approach to problems of nematocyst distribution and replacement in Hydra. Develop. Biol. 3, 227-240.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Brown, R. D., 1970. Mass culture of hydra: an improved method and its application to other aquatic invertebrates. Lab. Anim. 4, 139-54.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Heagy, W., 1977. Aquatic invertebrates: model systems for study of receptor activation and evolution of receptor proteins. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 17, 243-58.

Lenhoff, H. M., Kline, E. S. and Hurley, R. E., 1957. An hydroxyproline-rich, intracellular, collagen-like protein of Hydra nematocysts. Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 26, 204-205.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Loomis, W. F., 1957. Environmental factors controlling respiration in hydra. Exptl. Zool. 134, 171-182.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Loomis, W. F. (ed.), 1961. The biology of hydra and of some other coelenterates. University of Miami Press, 467 p.

Lenhoff, H. M., Mascatine, L. and Davis, L. V., 1968. Coelenterate biology: experimental research. Science 160, 1141-6.

Lenhoff, H. M., Rutherford, C. and Heath, H. D., 1969. Anomalies of growth and form in hydra: polarity, gradients, and a neoplasia analog. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 31, 709-37.

Lenhoff, H. M. and Schneiderman, H. A., 1959. The chemical control of feeding in the Portugese Man-of-War, Physalia physalis L. and its bearing on the evolution of the Cnidaria. Biol. Bull. 116, 452-460.

Lenicque, P., 1971. [Effects of substances with an indole nucleus or able to form an indole nucleus on Clava squamata and Dugesia tigrina regeneration]. Therapie 26, 1059-74.

Lenicque, P. M., 1967. [Note on utilization of hydroides for the study and the action of medications on organ development]. Therapie 22, 411-8.

Lenicque, P. M., Feral, J. P. and Doumenc, D., 1978. Effects of some cyclic nucleotides on the wound healing and the regeneration of the sea-anemones, Cereus pedunculatus Penn. and Metridium senile L. Comp Biochem Physiol C 61 C, 341-6.

Lenicque, P. M., Toneby, M. I. and Doumenc, D., 1977. Demonstration of biogenic amines and localization of monoamine oxidases in the sea anemone Metridium senile (Linne). Comp Biochem Physiol C 56, 31-4.

Lentz, T. L., 1965. Fine structural changes in the nervous system of the regenerating hydra. J. Exp. Zool. 159, 181-93.

Lentz, T. L., 1965. The fine structure of differentiating interstitial cells in Hydra. Z. Zellforsch. Mikrosk. Anat. 67, 547-60.

Lentz, T. L., 1965. Hydra: induction of supernumerary heads by isolated neurosecretory granules. Science 150, 633-5.

Lentz, T. L., 1966. Intramitochondrial glycogen granules in digestive cells of Hydra. J. Cell Biol. 29, 162-7.

Lentz, T. L. and Barrnett, R. J., 1965. Surface specializations of hydra cells: the effect of enzyme inhibitors on ferritin uptake. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 13, 192-211.

Leon, C. R., Barraquer, J. I., Jr. and Barraquer, J. I., Sr., 1997. Coralline hydroxyapatite keratoprosthesis in rabbits. J Refract Surg 13, 74-8.

Leontovich, A. A., Zhang, J., Shimokawa, K., Nagase, H. and Sarras, M. P., Jr., 2000. A novel hydra matrix metalloproteinase (HMMP) functions in extracellular matrix degradation, morphogenesis and the maintenance of differentiated cells in the foot process. Development 127, 907-20.

Lerner, J., Mellen, S. A., Waldron, I. and Factor, R. M., 1971. Neural redundancy and regularity of swimming beats in scyphozoan medusae. J Exp Biol 55, 177-84.

LeRoith, D., Delahunty, G., Wilson, G. L., Roberts, C. T., Jr., Shemer, J., Hart, C., Lesniak, M. A., Shiloach, J. and Roth, J., 1986. Evolutionary aspects of the endocrine and nervous systems. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 42, 549-87.

Leroy, D., Dompmartin, A., Lauret, P., Boullie, M. C. and Audebert, C., 1988. Allergic contact dermatitis to Bryozoa and photosensitivity. Photodermatol 5, 227-9.

Lesh, G. E., 1970. A role of inductive factors in interstitial cell differentiation in Hydra. J. Exp. Zool. 173, 371-82.

Lesh, G. E. and Burnett, A. L., 1966. An analysis of the chemical control of polarized form in hydra. J. Exp. Zool. 163, 55-77.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E., 1976. Stolon vs. hydranth determination in Pennaria tiarella planulae: a role for DNA synthesis., in: Coelenterate ecology and behaviour, edited by Mackie, G. O., Plenum Press, New York, 1976, p. 365-375.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E., 1982. Hydra, in: Developmental biology of freshwater invertebrates,, edited by Harrison, F. W. & R. R. Cowden, Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, 1982, p. 69-127.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E., DiBlasi, S. L., Suchy, P. E. and Senturia, J. B., 1989. Inotropic response elicited by nematocyst contents of Hydra oligactis (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 94, 249-54.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E. and Donaldson, D. D., 1978. Cellular events during early distal regeneration in Hydra oligactis. Acta Embryol. Exp. (Palermo) 319-31.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E. and Frank, W. N., 1977. The influence of BrdU on interstitial cell differentiation in hydra. Experientia 33, 909-10.

Lesh-Laurie, G. E. and Suchy, P. E., 1986. Regulation in metagenic cnidarian planulae. Prog Clin Biol Res 217A, 53-6.

Lesser, M. P., 1989. Photobiology of natural populations of zooxanthellae from the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida: assessment of the host's role in protection against ultraviolet radiation. Cytometry 10, 653-8.

Letot, B., Pierard-Franchimont, C. and Pierard, G. E., 1990. Acute reactions to coelenterates. Dermatologica 180, 224-7.

Levet, Y., Guero, S., Guillemin, G. and Jost, G., 1988. [Use of coral as replacement for bone grafts in facial surgery. 4 years' follow-up]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 33, 278-82.

Levet, Y. and Jost, G., 1983. [Use of Madreporaria coral skeletons in reparative surgery]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 28, 180-1.

Leviev, I. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1995. Molecular cloning of a preprohormone from sea anemones containing numerous copies of a metamorphosis-inducing neuropeptide: a likely role for dipeptidyl aminopeptidase in neuropeptide precursor processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, 11647-51.

Leviev, I., Williamson, M. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1997. Molecular cloning of a preprohormone from Hydra magnipapillata containing multiple copies of Hydra-L Wamide (Leu-Trp-NH2) neuropeptides: evidence for processing at Ser and Asn residues. J Neurochem 68, 1319-25.

Levine, L. and Fujiki, H., 1985. Stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism by different types of tumor promoters. Carcinogenesis 6, 1631-4.

Levine, L., Fujiki, H., Gjika, H. B. and Van Vunakis, H., 1987. Production of antibodies to palytoxin: neutralization of several biological properties of palytoxin. Toxicon 25, 1273-82.

Levine, L., Fujiki, H., Gjika, H. B. and Van Vunakis, H., 1988. A radioimmunoassay for palytoxin. Toxicon 26, 1115-21.

Levine, L., Xiao, D. and Fujiki, H., 1986. A combination of palytoxin with 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) or insulin or interleukin-1 synergistically stimulates arachidonic acid metabolism, but combinations of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type tumor promoters with OAG do not. Carcinogenesis 7, 99-103.

Levine, L., Xiao, D. M. and Fujiki, H., 1986. Combinations of palytoxin or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and recombinant human insulin growth factor-I or insulin synergistically stimulate prostaglandin production in cultured rat liver cells and squirrel monkey aorta smooth muscle cells. Prostaglandins 31, 669-81.

Levitan, D. R. and Grosberg, R. K., 1993. The analysis of paternity and maternity in the marine hydrozoan Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Mol Ecol 2, 315-26.

Levy, S., Masry, D. and Halstead, B. W., 1970. Report of stingings by the sea anemone Triactis producta Klunzinger from Red Sea. Clin Toxicol 3, 637-43.

Levy, Y., Miller, D. S., Friedman, G. M. and Noshkin, V. E., 1978. Analysis of alpha emitters in the coral, Favites virens, from Bikini lagoon by solid-state track detection. Health Phys 34, 209-17.

Lewis, P. J. and Errington, J., 1996. Use of green fluorescent protein for detection of cell-specific gene expression and subcellular protein localization during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology 142, 733-40.

Li, H., Duzgunes, N., Ayanoglu, E. and Djerassi, C., 1988. Analogs of unusual sponge phospholipids. Synthesis and thermotropic properties of 1,2-di-(6Z,9Z)-6,9-hexacosadienoyl phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Chem Phys Lipids 48, 109-17.

Li, R., Wang, S., Tan, G. and Long, K., 1994. Two polyhydroxylated steroids from the Chinese soft coral Litophyton arboreum. Steroids 59, 503-5.

Li, R. S., Huang, Z. S. and Long, K. H., 1992. Two polyhydroxylated steroids from the Chinese soft coral Sinularia microclavata. Steroids 57, 3-6.

Li, X., Zhang, G., Ngo, N., Zhao, X., Kain, S. R. and Huang, C. C., 1997. Deletions of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein define the minimal domain required for fluorescence. J Biol Chem 272, 28545-9.

Liaaen-Jensen, S., 1970. Developments in the carotenoid field. Experientia 26, 697-710.

Light, R. J., 1973. Identification and analysis of arachidonic acid in Plexaura homomalla, var. R and var. S. Biochim Biophys Acta 296, 461-6.

Light, R. J. and Samuelsson, B., 1972. Identification of prostaglandins in the gorgonian, Plexaura homomalla. Eur J Biochem 28, 232-40.

Lin, A. L. and Zubkoff, P. L., 1976. Malate dehydrogenase isozymes of different stages of Chesapeake Bay jellyfish. Biol Bull 150, 268-78.

Lin, A. L. and Zubkoff, P. L., 1976. Pentose phosphate pathway in the scyphistomae of Chrysaora quinquecirrha. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 54, 33-6.

Lin, D. C. and Hessinger, D. A., 1979. Possible involvement of red cell membrane proteins in the hemolytic action of Portuguese Man-of-War toxin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 91, 761-9.

Lin, W. W., Lee, C. Y. and Burnett, J. W., 1988. Effect of sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) venom on isolated rat aorta. Toxicon 26, 1209-12.

Lin, X. Y., Ishida, M., Nagashima, Y. and Shiomi, K., 1996. A polypeptide toxin in the sea anemone Actinia equina homologous with other sea anemone sodium channel toxins: isolation and amino acid sequence. Toxicon 34, 57-65.

Linder, R. and Bernheimer, A. W., 1978. Effect on sphingomyelin-containing liposomes of phospholipase D from Corynebacterium ovis and the cytolysin from Stoichactis helianthus. Biochim Biophys Acta 530, 236-46.

Linder, R., Bernheimer, A. W. and Kim, K. S., 1977. Interaction between sphingomyelin and a cytolysin from the sea anemone Stoichactis helianthus. Biochim Biophys Acta 467, 290-300.

Lindstedt, K. J., 1971. Chemical control of feeding behavior. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 39, 553-81.

Lindstedt, K. J., Muscatine, L. and Lenhoff, H. M., 1968. Valine activation of feeding in the sea anemone Boloceroides. Comp Biochem Physiol 26, 567-72.

Lines, Y., Lopez Planes, R., Henriques, R. D. and Rodriguez Leon, J. A., 1983. [Kinetic study of prostaglandin biosynthesis. A mathematical model]. Bioorg Khim 9, 419-23.

Lipke, P. N., 1996. Cell adhesion proteins in the nonvertebrate eukaryotes. Prog Mol Subcell Biol 17, 119-57.

Littefield, C. L., 1991. Cell lineages in Hydra: isolation and characterization of an interstitial stem cell restricted to egg production in Hydra oligactis. Dev. Biol. 143, 378-88.

Little, M. and Mulcahy, R. F., 1998. A year's experience of Irukandji envenomation in far north Queensland [see comments]. Med J Aust 169, 638-41.

Little, M., Quinlan, R. A., Hoffman, E. J. and Luduena, R. F., 1983. Identification and characterization of axopodial tubulins from Echinosphaerium nucleofilum. Eur J Cell Biol 31, 55-61.

Littlefield, C. L., 1984. The interstitial cells control the sexual phenotype of heterosexual chimeras of hydra. Dev. Biol. 102, 426-32.

Littlefield, C. L., 1985. Germ cells in Hydra oligactis males. I. Isolation of a subpopulation of interstitial cells that is developmentally restricted to sperm production. Dev. Biol. 112, 185-93.

Littlefield, C. L., 1986. Germ cells control sex determination in hydra. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 217A, 175-8.

Littlefield, C. L., 1986. Sex determination in hydra: control by a subpopulation of interstitial cells in Hydra oligactis males. Dev. Biol. 117, 428-34.

Littlefield, C. L., 1991. Cell Lineages In Hydra - Isolation and Characterization Of an Interstitial Stem Cell Restricted to Egg Production In Hydra oligactis. Developmental Biology 143, 378-388.

Littlefield, C. L. and Bode, H. R., 1986. Germ cells in Hydra oligactis males. II. Evidence for a subpopulation of interstitial stem cells whose differentiation is limited to sperm production. Dev. Biol. 116, 381-6.

Littlefield, C. L., Dunne, J. F. and Bode, H. R., 1985. Spermatogenesis in Hydra oligactis. I. Morphological description and characterization using a monoclonal antibody specific for cells of the spermatogenic pathway. Dev. Biol. 110, 308-20.

Littlefield, C. L., Finkemeier, C. and Bode, H. R., 1991. Spermatogenesis in Hydra oligactis. II. How temperature controls the reciprocity of sexual and asexual reproduction. Dev. Biol. 146, 292-300.

Liu, J. and Escher, A., 1999. Improved assay sensitivity of an engineered secreted Renilla luciferase. Gene 237, 153-9.

Liu, J., O'Kane, D. J. and Escher, A., 1997. Secretion of functional Renilla reniformis luciferase by mammalian cells. Gene 203, 141-8.

Liu, J., Wang, Y., Szalay, A. A. and Escher, A., 2000. Visualizing and quantifying protein secretion using a Renilla luciferase-GFP fusion protein. Luminescence 15, 45-9.

Livingston, B. T. and Wilt, F., 1993. Cell interactions in invertebrate development. Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 5, 839-43.

Liyanage, G. K. and Schmitz, F. J., 1996. Cytotoxic amides from the octocoral Telesto riisei [published erratum appears in J Nat Prod 1998 Sep;61(9):1180]. J Nat Prod 59, 148-51.

Llewellyn, L. E. and Norton, R. S., 1991. Binding of the sea anemone polypeptide BDS II to the voltage-gated sodium channel. Biochem Int 24, 937-46.

Llinas, R. and Nicholson, C., 1975. Calcium role in depolarization-secretion coupling: an aequorin study in squid giant synapse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 72, 187-90.

Lo, C. M., Morand, S. and Galzin, R., 1998. Parasite diversity/host age and size relationship in three coral-reef fishes from French Polynesia. Int J Parasitol 28, 1695-708.

Loder, J. S., 1973. Letter: Treatment of jellyfish stings. Jama 226, 1228.

Loeb, M. J. and Gordon, C. M., 1975. Strobilation in the chesapeake bay sea nettle, Chrysaora quinquecirrha--IV. Tissue levels of iodinated high molecular weight component and NIF in relation to temperature change-induced behavior. Comp Biochem Physiol A 51, 37-42.

Lohmann, J. U., Endl, I. and Bosch, T. C., 1999. Silencing of developmental genes in Hydra. Dev Biol 214, 211-4.

Long, G. L. and Kaplan, N. O., 1968. D-lactate specific pyridine nucleotide lactate dehydrogenase in animals. Science 162, 685-6.

Long-Rowe, K. O. and Burnett, J. W., 1994. Characteristics of hyaluronidase and hemolytic activity in fishing tentacle nematocyst venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha. Toxicon 32, 165-74.

Long-Rowe, K. O. and Burnett, J. W., 1994. Sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) lethal factor: purification by recycling on m-aminophenyl boronic acid acrylic beads. Toxicon 32, 467-78.

Look, S. A., Buchholz, K. and Fenical, W., 1984. 12-hydroxy-E-gamma-bisabolene, a new sesquiterpene alcohol from a Caribbean sea whip of the genus Pseudopterogorgia (Gorgonacea, Cnidaria). Experientia 40, 931-3.

Look, S. A., Fenical, W., Jacobs, R. S. and Clardy, J., 1986. The pseudopterosins: anti-inflammatory and analgesic natural products from the sea whip Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83, 6238-40.

Loomis, W. F. and Lenhoff, H. L., 1956. Growth and sexual differentiation of hydra in mass culture. J. Exp. Zool. 132, 555-570.

Lopez de Haro, M. S., Salgado, L. M., David, C. N. and Bosch, T. C., 1994. Hydra tropomyosin TROP1 is expressed in head-specific epithelial cells and is a major component of the cytoskeletal structure that anchors nematocytes. J. Cell Sci. 107, 1403-11.

Lopez, J. V., Kersanach, R., Rehner, S. A. and Knowlton, N., 1999. Molecular determination of species boundaries in corals: genetic analysis of the Montastraea annularis complex using amplified fragment length polymorphisms and a microsatellite marker. Biol Bull 196, 80-93.

Lopp, A., Pihlak, A., Paves, H., Samuel, K., Koljak, R. and Samel, N., 1994. The effect of 9,11-secosterol, a newly discovered compound from the soft coral Gersemia fruticosa, on the growth and cell cycle progression of various tumor cells in culture. Steroids 59, 274-81.

Loredo, J. S., Gonzalez, R. R., Jr. and Hessinger, D. A., 1985. Vascular effects of Physalia physalis venom in the skeletal muscle of the dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 232, 301-4.

Loredo, J. S., Gonzalez, R. R., Jr. and Hessinger, D. A., 1986. Effect of Portuguese man-of-war venom on isolated vascular segments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 236, 140-3.

Lorenz, W. W., Cormier, M. J., O'Kane, D. J., Hua, D., Escher, A. A. and Szalay, A. A., 1996. Expression of the Renilla reniformis luciferase gene in mammalian cells. J Biolumin Chemilumin 11, 31-7.

Lorenz, W. W., McCann, R. O., Longiaru, M. and Cormier, M. J., 1991. Isolation and expression of a cDNA encoding Renilla reniformis luciferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88, 4438-42.

Loret, E. P., del Valle, R. M., Mansuelle, P., Sampieri, F. and Rochat, H., 1994. Positively charged amino acid residues located similarly in sea anemone and scorpion toxins. J Biol Chem 269, 16785-8.

Loschen, G. and Chance, B., 1971. Rapid kinetic studies of the light emitting protein aequorin. Nat New Biol 233, 273-4.

Lotan, A., Fishman, L., Loya, Y. and Zlotkin, E., 1995. Delivery of a nematocyst toxin [letter]. Nature 375, 456.

Lotan, A., Fishman, L. and Zlotkin, E., 1996. Toxin compartmentation and delivery in the Cnidaria: the nematocyst's tubule as a multiheaded poisonous arrow. J Exp Zool 275, 444-51.

Louise, F., Borghetti, A. and Kerebel, B., 1992. Histologic case reports of coralline hydroxyapatite grafts placed in human intraosseous lesions: results 6 to 36 months postimplantation. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 12, 474-85.

Louise, F. R. and Borghetti, A. F., 1992. New developments in synthetic bone replacement materials. Curr Opin Dent 2, 97-103.

Louisia, S., Stromboni, M., Meunier, A., Sedel, L. and Petite, H., 1999. Coral grafting supplemented with bone marrow. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81, 719-24.

Low, P. A., Wu, C. H. and Narahashi, T., 1979. The effect of anthopleurin-A on crayfish giant axon. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 210, 417-21.

Loya, Y., 1976. Skeletal regeneration in a Red Sea scleractinian coral population. Nature 261, 490-1.

Lu, C. H. and Chen, Z. Q., 1994. [Effect of coral and coral-hydroxyapatite as bone graft substitute in dogs]. Chung Hua Kou Chiang Hsueh Tsa Chih 29, 357-9.

Lubbock, R., 1980. Clone-specific cellular recognition in a sea anemone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 77, 6667-9.

Lubbock, R. and Amos, W. B., 1981. Removal of bound calcium from nematocyst contents causes discharge. Nature 290, 500-1.

Lubbock, R., Gupta, B. L. and Hall, T. A., 1981. Novel role of calcium in exocytosis: mechanism of nematocyst discharge as shown by x-ray microanalysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 78, 3624-8.

Lubbock, R. and Shelton, G. A., 1981. Electrical activity following cellular recognition of self and non-self in a sea anemone. Nature 289, 59-60.

Lucas, J. M. and Knapp, L. W., 1997. A physiological evaluation of carbon sources for calcification in the octocoral Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck). J Exp Biol 200, 2653-62.

Lucchina, L. C., Wilson, M. E. and Drake, L. A., 1997. Dermatology and the recently returned traveler: infectious diseases with dermatologic manifestations. Int J Dermatol 36, 167-81.

Ludin, B., Doll, T., Meili, R., Kaech, S. and Matus, A., 1996. Application of novel vectors for GFP-tagging of proteins to study microtubule-associated proteins. Gene 173, 107-11.

Lue, K. Y. and de la Cruz, K. Y., 1978. Mirex incorporation in the environment: toxicity in Hydra. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19, 412-6.

Luecke, H., Chang, B. T., Mailliard, W. S., Schlaepfer, D. D. and Haigler, H. T., 1995. Crystal structure of the annexin XII hexamer and implications for bilayer insertion [see comments]. Nature 378, 512-5.

Luetje, C. W., Wada, K., Rogers, S., Abramson, S. N., Tsuji, K., Heinemann, S. and Patrick, J., 1990. Neurotoxins distinguish between different neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit combinations. J Neurochem 55, 632-40.

Lui, A. and Znidaric, D., 1973. The role of zimogen cells in hydra exposed to ultraviolet light (2535 A). Z. Mikrosk. Anat. Forsch. 87, 218-28.

Lui, A. and Znidaric, D., 1976. Effects of dactinomycine (actinomycine D) on budless hydra and during its budding process. Z. Mikrosk Ana.t Forsch. 90, 261-72.

Lumley, J., Williamson, J. A., Fenner, P. J., Burnett, J. W. and Colquhoun, D. M., 1988. Fatal envenomation by Chironex fleckeri, the north Australian box jellyfish: the continuing search for lethal mechanisms. Med J Aust 148, 527-34.

Lunger, P. D., 1971. Early stages of spermatozoan development in the colonial hydroid Campanularia flexuosa. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 116, 37-51.

Lyke, E. B. and Robson, E. A., 1975. Spermatogenesis in Anthozoa: differentiation of the spermatid. Cell Tissue Res 157, 185-205.

Lyon, M. K., Kass-Simon, G. and Hufnagel, L. A., 1982. Ultrastructural analysis of nematocyte removal in Hydra. Tissue Cell 14, 415-24.

Lyons, K. M., 1973. Collar cells in planula and adult tentacle ectoderm of the solitary coral Balanophyllia regia (Anthozoa Eupsammiidae). Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 145, 57-74.

Lytle, C. F., 1961. Patterns of budding in the freshwater hydroid Crapedacusta, in: The biology of hydra and some other coelenterates: 1961, edited by Lenhoff, H. M. & W. F. Loomis, University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida, 1961, p. 317-336.

Lyu, R. M. and Farley, R. A., 1997. Amino acids Val115-Ile126 of rat gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase confer high affinity for Sch-28080 to Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase. Am J Physiol 272, C1717-25.

Mabbutt, B. C. and Norton, R. S., 1990. Sequential 1H-NMR assignments and secondary structure of the sea anemone polypeptide anthopleurin-A. Eur J Biochem 187, 555-63.

Macek, P., 1992. Polypeptide cytolytic toxins from sea anemones (Actiniaria). FEMS Microbiol Immunol 5, 121-9.

Macek, P., Belmonte, G., Pederzolli, C. and Menestrina, G., 1994. Mechanism of action of equinatoxin II, a cytolysin from the sea anemone Actinia equina L. belonging to the family of actinoporins. Toxicology 87, 205-27.

Macek, P. and Lebez, D., 1981. Kinetics of hemolysis induced by equinatoxin, a cytolytic toxin from the sea anemone Actinia equina. Effect of some ions and pH. Toxicon 19, 233-40.

Macek, P. and Lebez, D., 1988. Isolation and characterization of three lethal and hemolytic toxins from the sea anemone Actinia equina L. Toxicon 26, 441-51.

Macek, P., Sencic, L. and Lebez, D., 1982. Isolation and partial characterization of three lethal and hemolytic toxins from the sea anemone Actinia cari. Toxicon 20, 181-5.

Macek, P., Zecchini, M., Pederzolli, C., Dalla Serra, M. and Menestrina, G., 1995. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of equinatoxin II, a pore-forming polypeptide from the sea anemone Actinia equina L, monitors its interaction with lipid membranes. Eur J Biochem 234, 329-35.

MacKenzie, N. E., Gooley, P. R. and Hardaway, L. A., 1992. Solving solution structures of physiologically relevant proteins by NMR spectroscopy. Annu Rev Physiol 54, 749-73.

Mackie, G. O., 1970. Neuroid conduction and the evolution of conducting tissues. Q Rev Biol 45, 319-32.

Mackie, G. O., 1975. Neurobiology of Stomotoca. II. Pacemakers and conduction pathways. J Neurobiol 6, 357-78.

Mackie, G. O., 1976. Propagated spikes and secretion in a coelenterate glandular epithelium. J Gen Physiol 68, 313-25.

Mackie, G. O., 1989. Louis Agassiz and the discovery of the coelenterate nervous system. Pubbl Stn Zool Napoli [II] 11, 71-81.

Mackie, G. O. and Meech, R. W., 1985. Separate sodium and calcium spikes in the same axon. Nature 313, 791-3.

Mackie, G. O. and Passano, L. M., 1968. Epithelial conduction in hydromedusae. J Gen Physiol 52, 600-21.

Mackie, G. O. and Singla, C. L., 1975. Neurobiology of Stomotoca. I. Action systems. J Neurobiol 6, 339-56.

Macklin, M., 1967. Osmotic regulation in hydra: sodium and calcium localization and source of electrical potential. J. Cell Physiol. 70, 191-6.

Macklin, M., 1968. Analysis of growth factor gradients in hydra. J. Cell Physiol. 72, 1-8.

Macklin, M., 1968. Biological phase relationships. Nature 217, 622-4.

Macklin, M., 1969. Free energy of cell differentiation. Curr Mod Biol 3, 62-8.

Macklin, M., 1970. Free energy of cell differentiation. Curr Mod Biol 3, 225-32.

Macklin, M., 1971. The absence of electrically demonstrable polarizing factors in Hydra. J. Cell Physiol. 77, 83-92.

Macklin, M., 1972. Determination of tissue movement patterns from mitotic counts in hydra. Cur.r Mod. Biol. 5, 15-9.

Macklin, M., 1976. The effect of urethan on hydra. Biol. Bull. 150, 442-52.

Macklin, M. and Burnett, A. L., 1966. Control of differentiation by calcium and sodium ions in Hydra pseudoligactis. Exp. Cell. Res. 44, 665-8.

Macklin, M., Roma, T. and Drake, K., 1973. Water excretion by hydra. Science 179, 194-5.

MacSween, R. M. and Williams, H. C., 1996. Seabather's eruption--a case of Caribbean itch. Bmj 312, 957-8.

MacWilliams, H. K., 1982. Numerical simulations of hydra head regeneration using a proportion-regulating version of the Gierer-Meinhardt model. J. Theor. Biol. 99, 681-703.

MacWilliams, H. K., 1983. Hydra transplantation phenomena and the mechanism of Hydra head regeneration. I. Properties of the head inhibition. Devel. Biol. 96, 217-238.

MacWilliams, H. K., 1983. Hydra transplantation phenomena and the mechanism of hydra head regeneration. I. Properties of the head inhibition. Dev Biol 96, 217-38.

MacWilliams, H. K., 1983. Hydra transplantation phenomena and the mechanism of Hydra head regeneration. II. Properties of the head activation. Devel. Biol. 96, 229-257.

MacWilliams, H. K. and Kafatos, F. C., 1968. Hydra viridis: inhibition by the basal disk of basal disk differentiation. Science 159, 1246-7.

MacWilliams, H. K., Kafatos, F. C. and Bossert, W. H., 1970. The feedback inhibition of basal disk regeneration in Hydra has a continuously variable intensity. Dev. Biol. 23, 380-98.

Magan, A. and Ripamonti, U., 1996. Geometry of porous hydroxyapatite implants influences osteogenesis in baboons (Papio ursinus). J Craniofac Surg 7, 71-8.

Mager, H. I. and Tu, S. C., 1995. Chemical aspects of bioluminescence. Photochem Photobiol 62, 607-14.

Maguire, E. J., 1968. Chironex fleckeri ("sea wasp") sting. Med J Aust 2, 1137-8.

Mahnir, V. M. and Kozlovskaya, E. P., 1991. Structure-toxicity relationships of neurotoxin RTX-III from the sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus: modification of amino groups. Toxicon 29, 819-26.

Mahnir, V. M., Kozlovskaya, E. P. and Elyakov, G. B., 1989. Modification of arginine in sea anemone toxin RTX-III from Radianthus macrodactylus. Toxicon 27, 1075-84.

Mahnir, V. M., Kozlovskaya, E. P. and Elyakov, G. B., 1990. Modification of carboxyl groups in sea anemone toxin RTX-III from Radianthus macrodactylus. Toxicon 28, 1255-63.

Mahnir, V. M., Kozlovskaya, E. P. and Kalinovsky, A. I., 1992. Sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus--a new source of palytoxin. Toxicon 30, 1449-56.

Mahnir, V. M., Shumilov, U. N., Kovalevskaya, A. M., Romanenko, L. A. and Grebelny, S. D., 1993. Evidence for several types of biologically active substances in north Pacific sea anemones. Comp Biochem Physiol C 106, 661-5.

Makhnyr, V. M. and Kozlovskaia, E. P., 1989. [A modification of neurotoxin RTX-III from Radianthus macrodactylus actinin with acetic anhydride]. Bioorg Khim 15, 465-70.

Makhnyr, V. M. and Kozlovskaia, E. P., 1990. [Modification of the neurotoxin RTX-III from the sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus]. Bioorg Khim 16, 643-8.

Malavasic, M., Poklar, N., Macek, P. and Vesnaver, G., 1996. Fluorescence studies of the effect of pH, guanidine hydrochloride and urea on equinatoxin II conformation [published erratum appears in Biochim Biophys Acta 1996 Oct 2;1284(1):118]. Biochim Biophys Acta 1280, 65-72.

Malovrh, P., Barlic, A., Podlesek, Z., MaCek, P., Menestrina, G. and Anderluh, G., 2000. Structure-function studies of tryptophan mutants of equinatoxin II, a sea anemone pore-forming protein. Biochem J 346 Pt 1, 223-32.

Malpezzi, E. L., de Freitas, J. C., Muramoto, K. and Kamiya, H., 1993. Characterization of peptides in sea anemone venom collected by a novel procedure. Toxicon 31, 853-64.

Malpezzi, E. L. and Freitas, J. C., 1990. Antimitotic effect of an extract of the sea anemone Bunodosoma caissarum on sea urchin egg development. Braz J Med Biol Res 23, 811-4.

Malpezzi, E. L. and Freitas, J. C., 1991. Hemolytic activity of the nematocyst venom from the sea anemone Bunodosoma caissarum. Braz J Med Biol Res 24, 1245-9.

Manasova, P. A., 1970. [Composition of fatty acids in lipids of Stychopus japonicus by gas-liquid chromatography]. Ukr Biokhim Zh 42, 761-5.

Mangum, D. C., 1980. Sea anemone neuromuscular responses in anaerobic conditions. Science 208, 1177-8.

Mankad, R. V., Gimelbrant, A. A. and McClintock, T. S., 1998. Consensus translational initiation sites of marine invertebrate phyla. Biol Bull 195, 251-4.

Mann, J., 1989. Chemical synthesis. Scaling molecular Everests [news]. Nature 342, 227-8.

Manoleras, N. and Norton, R. S., 1994. Three-dimensional structure in solution of neurotoxin III from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata. Biochemistry 33, 11051-61.

Manowitz, N. R. and Rosenthal, R. R., 1979. Cutaneous-systemic reactions to toxins and venoms of common marine organisms. Cutis 23, 450-4.

Mansour, T. E., 1975. Biochemical effects of psychopharmacological agents. Psychopharmacol Bull 11, 65-6.

Mansson, T., Randle, H. W., Mandojana, R. M., Calton, G. J. and Burnett, J. W., 1985. Recurrent cutaneous jellyfish eruptions without envenomation. Acta Derm Venereol 65, 72-5.

Mantegazza, M., Franceschetti, S. and Avanzini, G., 1998. Anemone toxin (ATX II)-induced increase in persistent sodium current: effects on the firing properties of rat neocortical pyramidal neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 507, 105-16.

Mao, T., Wang, C., Zhang, S., Wang, H., Zhao, M., Chen, F., Ma, Q. and Han, L., 1998. An experimental study on rhBMP-2 composite bone substitute for repairing craniomaxillary bone defects. Chin J Dent Res 1, 21-5.

Maquestiau, A., van Haverbeke, Y., Flammang, R., Mispreuve, H., Kaisin, M., Braekman, J. C., Daloze, D. and Tursch, B., 1978. Study of complex marine sterol mixtures by mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry. Steroids 31, 31-48.

Marchac, D. and Sandor, G., 1994. Use of coral granules in the craniofacial skeleton. J Craniofac Surg 5, 213-7.

Marcum, B. A. and Campbell, R. D., 1978. Development of Hydra lacking nerve and interstitial cells. J. Cell Sci. 29, 17-33.

Marcum, B. A. and Campbell, R. D., 1978. Developmental roles of epithelial and interstitial cell lineages in hydra analysis of chimeras. J. Cell. Sci. 32, 233-248.

Marcum, B. A. and Campbell, R. D., 1978. Developmental roles of epithelial and interstitial cell lineages in hydra: analysis of chimeras. J Cell Sci 32, 233-47.

Marcum, B. A., Campbell, R. D. and Romero, J., 1977. Polarity reversal in nerve-free hydra. Science 197, 771-3.

Marcum, B. A. and Diehl, F. A., 1978. Anchoring cells (Desmocytes) in the hydrozoan polyp Cordylophora. Tissue Cell 10, 113-24.

Marcum, J. A., Levin, J. and Prendergast, R. A., 1984. Clotting enzyme activity derived from the coelomocytes of the sea star Asterias forbesi. Thromb Haemost 52, 1-3.

Marderosian, A. D., 1969. Marine pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 58, 1-33.

Maresin, V. M. and Presnov, E. V., 1985. Topological approach to embryogenesis. J. Theor. Biol. 114, 387-98.

Maretic, Z., 1982. Some clinical and epidemiological problems of venom poisoning today. Toxicon 20, 345-8.

Maretic, Z., 1986. Cnidarismus nudorum: A new epidemiological and clinical entity [letter]. Dermatologica 172, 123-5.

Maretic, Z., Benovic, A., Matic-Piantanida, D., Ladavac, J. and Terlevic, E., 1988. [The jellyfish (Pelagia noctiluca) as a health problem in the Adriatic and Mediterranean Seas]. Lijec Vjesn 110, 79-84.

Maretic, Z. and Russell, F. E., 1983. Stings by the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata in the Adriatic Sea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32, 891-6.

Mariscal, R. N., 1969. The protection of the anemone fish, Amphiprion xanthurus, from the sea anemone, Stoichactus kenti. Experientia 25, 1114.

Mariscal, R. N., 1974. Scanning electron microscopy of the sensory surface of the tentacles of sea anemones and corals. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 147, 149-56.

Mariscal, R. N., Bigger, C. H. and McLean, R. B., 1976. The form and function of cnidarian spirocysts. 1. Ultrastructure of the capsule exterior and relationship to the tentacle sensory surface. Cell Tissue Res 168, 465-74.

Mariscal, R. N., Conklin, E. J. and Bigger, C. H., 1978. The putative sensory receptors associated with the cnidae of cnidarians. pp. 959-66. 1978/Ii.

Mariscal, R. N. and Lenhoff, H. M., 1968. The chemical contral of feeding behavior in Cyphastrea ocellina and in some other Hawaiian corals. J Exp Biol 49, 689-99.

Mariscal, R. N. and Lenhoff, H. M., 1969. Effect of a disulfide reducing agent on coelenterate nematocyst capsules. Experientia 25, 330-1.

Mariscal, R. N. and McLean, R. B., 1976. The form and function of cnidarian spirocysts. 2. Ultrastructure of the capsule tip and wall and mechanism of discharge. Cell Tissue Res 169, 313-21.

Mariscal, R. N., McLean, R. B. and Hand, C., 1977. The form and function of cnidarian spirocysts. 3. Ultrastructure of the thread and the function of spirocysts. Cell Tissue Res 178, 427-33.

Marks, P. S., 1976. Nervous control of light responses in the sea anemone, Calamactis praelongus. J Exp Biol 65, 85-96.

Marr, A. G. and Baxter, E. H., 1971. Effect of proteolytic enzymes on the venom of the sea wasp Chironex fleckeri. Toxicon 9, 431-3.

Marr, A. G. and Baxter, E. H., 1974. The low molecular weight fraction of sea wasp (Chironex fleckeri) venom. Toxicon 12, 443-6.

Marr, J. J., 1967. Portuguese Man of War envenomization. A personal experience. Jama 199, 337-8.

Marshall, E., 1991. Space may be bad for your health [news]. Science 253, 1491.

Marshall, J., Molloy, R., Moss, G. W., Howe, J. R. and Hughes, T. E., 1995. The jellyfish green fluorescent protein: a new tool for studying ion channel expression and function. Neuron 14, 211-5.

Martin, E. J., 1966. Anticoagulant from the sea anemone Rhodactis howesii. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 121, 1063-5.

Martin, E. J., 1967. Antitoxin against a coelenterate poison. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 32, 342-8.

Martin, E. J., 1968. Specific antigens released into sea water by contracting anemones (Coelenterata). Comp Biochem Physiol 25, 169-76.

Martin, J. C. and Audley, I., 1990. Cardiac failure following Irukandji envenomation. Med J Aust 153, 164-6.

Martin, V. J., 1992. Characterization of a RFamide-positive subset of ganglionic cells in the hydrozoan planular nerve net. Cell Tissue Res 269, 431-8.

Martin, V. J., Littlefield, C. L., Archer, W. E. and Bode, H. R., 1997. Embryogenesis in hydra. Biol Bull 192, 345-63.

Martin, V. J. and Thomas, M. B., 1977. A fine-structural study of embryonic and larval development in the gymnoblastic hydroid Pennaria tiarella. Biol Bull 153, 198-218.

Martindale, M. Q., 1986. The ontogeny and maintenance of adult symmetry properties in the ctenophore, Mnemiopsis mccradyi. Dev Biol 118, 556-76.

Martinez, D. E., 1998. Mortality patterns suggest lack of senescence in hydra. Exp Gerontol 33, 217-25.

Martinez, D. E., Bridge, D., Masuda-Nakagawa, L. M. and Cartwright, P., 1998. Cnidarian homeoboxes and the zootype [letter; comment]. Nature 393, 748-9.

Martínez, D. E., Dirksen, M.-L., Bode, P. M., Jamrich, M., Steele, R. E. and Bode, H. R., 1997. Budhead, a fork head/HNF-3 homolog, is expressed during axis formation and head specification in hydra. Developmental Biology 192, 523-536.

Martinez, D. E., Dirksen, M. L., Bode, P. M., Jamrich, M., Steele, R. E. and Bode, H. R., 1997. Budhead, a fork head/HNF-3 homologue, is expressed during axis formation and head specification in hydra. Dev Biol 192, 523-36.

Martinez, G. and Kopeyan, C., 1977. Toxin III from Anemonia sulcata: primary structure. FEBS Lett 84, 247-52.

Martorelli, S. R., 1996. First record of encysted metacercariae in hydrozoan jellyfishes and ctenophores of the southern Atlantic. J Parasitol 82, 352-3.

Mashanskii, V. F., Li, S. E., Mirkin, A. S. and Labas Iu, A., 1977. [Possible structural basis for non-neural transmission of information in epithelia]. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 235, 1453-4.

Mason, W. T., 1972. Isolation and characterization of the lipids of the sea anemone, Metridium senile. Biochim Biophys Acta 280, 538-44.

Massmanian, A., Valcuende Cavero, F., Ramirez Bosca, A. and Castells Rodellas, A., 1988. Sea anemone dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 18, 169-70.

Matanic, V., 1966. [Local skin symptomatology and general poisoning manifestations through contact with sea anemones and jellyfish]. Wien Med Wochenschr 116, 376-8.

Mathavan, S. and Muthurajan, S., 1978. Effects of ration and temperature on survival growth and reproduction in Hydra sp. J. Madurai. Univ. 7, 63-66.

Mathelier-Fusade, P. and Leynadier, F., 1993. Acquired cold urticaria after jellyfish sting. Contact Dermatitis 29, 273.

Matsueda, G. R., 1982. Deprotection of Nin-formyl tryptophan using 1,2-ethanedithiol in liquid hydrogen fluoride. Deformylation upon HF treatment of Merrifield peptidyl-resins. Int J Pept Protein Res 20, 26-34.

Mattern, C. F., Park, H. D. and Daniel, W. A., 1965. Electron microscope observations on the structure and discharge of the stenotele of hydra. J. Cell Biol. 27, 621-38.

Matthee, G. F., Konig, G. M. and Wright, A. D., 1998. Three new diterpenes from the marine soft coral Lobophytum crassum. J Nat Prod 61, 237-40.

Matthews, J. C., Hori, K. and Cormier, M. J., 1977. Purification and properties of Renilla reniformis luciferase. Biochemistry 16, 85-91.

Matthews, J. C., Hori, K. and Cormier, M. J., 1977. Substrate and substrate analogue binding properties of Renilla luciferase. Biochemistry 16, 5217-20.

Matusow, R. J., 1980. Oral inflammatory response to a sting from a Portuguese man-of-war. J Am Dent Assoc 100, 73-5.

Matveev, S. V., Lewis, J. C. and Daunert, S., 1999. Genetically engineered obelin as a bioluminescent label in an assay for a peptide. Anal Biochem 270, 69-74.

Matz, M. V., Fradkov, A. F., Labas, Y. A., Savitsky, A. P., Zaraisky, A. G., Markelov, M. L. and Lukyanov, S. A., 1999. Fluorescent proteins from nonbioluminescent Anthozoa species [see comments] [published erratum appears in Nat Biotechnol 1999 Dec;17(12):1227]. Nat Biotechnol 17, 969-73.

Maurice, D., Richard, J. P. and Pelissier, A., 1990. [Augmentation plastic surgery of the hard tissue]. Chir Dent Fr 60, 45-9.

Mawn, L. A., Jordan, D. R. and Gilberg, S., 1998. Scanning electron microscopic examination of porous orbital implants [see comments]. Can J Ophthalmol 33, 203-9.

Mayer, A. M., Jacobson, P. B., Fenical, W., Jacobs, R. S. and Glaser, K. B., 1998. Pharmacological characterization of the pseudopterosins: novel anti-inflammatory natural products isolated from the Caribbean soft coral, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Life Sci 62, L401-7.

Mayura, K., Smith, E. E., Clement, B. A. and Phillips, T. D., 1991. Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of chlorinated phenols utilizing Hydra attenuata and postimplantation rat embryos in culture. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 108, 253-66.

Mazin, A. L., Vaniushin, B. F. and Sulimova, G. E., 1969. [The nucleotide composition and frequency of pyrimidine blocks in the DNA of some invertebrates]. Biokhimiia 34, 1202-8.

Mazzei, M., Garzoglio, R., Mariottini, G. L. and Carli, A., 1994. HPLC separation of toxic fraction components extracted from planktonic and benthic Cnidaria. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 70, 143-51.

McAuley, P. J., 1981. Control of cell division of the intracellular Chlorella symbionts in green Hydra. J Cell Sci 47, 197-206.

McAuley, P. J., 1982. Temporal relationships of host cell and algal mitosis in the green hydra symbiosis. J. Cell Sci. 58, 423-31.

McAuley, P. J., 1985. The cell cycle of symbiotic Chlorella. I. The relationship between host feeding and algal cell growth and division. J. Cell Sci. 77, 225-39.

McAuley, P. J., 1985. The cell cycle of symbiotic Chlorella. II. The effect of continuous darkness. J. Cell Sci. 77, 241-53.

McAuley, P. J., 1986. The cell cycle of symbiotic Chlorella. III. Numbers of algae in green hydra digestive cells are regulated at digestive cell division. J. Cell Sci. 85, 63-71.

McAuley, P. J., 1990. Partitioning Of Symbiotic Chlorella At Host Cell Telophase In the Green Hydra Symbiosis. Philosophical Transactions Of the Royal Society Of London Series B-Biological Sciences 329, 47-53.

McAuley, P. J., 1990. Uptake Of Ammonium By Green Hydra. Proceedings Of the Royal Society Of London Series B-Biological Sciences 242, 45-50.

McAuley, P. J., 1991. Amino Acids As a Nitrogen Source For Chlorella Symbiotic With Green Hydra. Hydrobiologia 216, 369-376.

McAuley, P. J., 1995. Ammonium Metabolism In the Green Hydra Symbiosis. Biological Bulletin 188, 210-218.

McAuley, P. J. and Muscatine, L., 1986. The cell cycle of symbiotic Chlorella. IV. DNA content of algae slowly increases during host starvation of green hydra. J. Cell Sci. 85, 73-84.

McCapra, F., 1973. The chemistry of bioluminescence. Endeavour 32, 139-45.

McCauley, D. W., 1997. Serotonin plays an early role in the metamorphosis of the hydrozoan Phialidium gregarium. Dev Biol 190, 229-40.

McClellan, A. D., 1982. A differential displacement transducer for measuring relative movement in biological systems. J Neurosci Methods 5, 309-16.

McDowall, A. W. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1980. Intercellular junctions in nerve-free hydra. Cell Tissue Res 209, 217-24.

McFadden, C. S., McFarland, M. and Buss, L. W., 1984. Biology of hydractiniid hydroids. 1. Colony ontogeny in Hydractinia echinata. Biological Bulletin 166, 54-67.

McFadden, C. S., McFarland, M. J. and Buss, L. W., 1984. Biology of hydractiniid hydroids. 1. Colony ontogeny in Hydractinia echinata (Flemming). Biol.Bull. 166, 54-67.

McFarlane, I. D., 1969. Two slow conduction systems in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J Exp Biol 51, 377-85.

McFarlane, I. D., 1974. Control of the pacemaker system of the nerve-net in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J Exp Biol 61, 129-43.

McFarlane, I. D., 1974. Excitatory and inhibitory control of inherent contractions in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J Exp Biol 60, 397-422.

McFarlane, I. D., 1975. Control of mouth opening and pharynx protrusion during feeding in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J Exp Biol 63, 615-26.

McFarlane, I. D., 1976. Two slow conduction systems co-ordinate shell-climbing behaviour in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica. J Exp Biol 64, 431-45.

McFarlane, I. D., Anderson, P. A. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1991. Effects of three anthozoan neuropeptides, Antho-RWamide I, Antho-RWamide II and Antho-RFamide, on slow muscles from sea anemones. J Exp Biol 156, 419-31.

McFarlane, I. D., Hudman, D., Nothacker, H. P. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1993. The expansion behaviour of sea anemones may be coordinated by two inhibitory neuropeptides, Antho-KAamide and Antho-RIamide. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 253, 183-8.

McGoldrick, J. and Marx, J. A., 1992. Marine envenomations. Part 2: Invertebrates. J Emerg Med 10, 71-7.

McKenzie, K. S., Sarr, A. B., Mayura, K., Bailey, R. H., Miller, D. R., Rogers, T. D., Norred, W. P., Voss, K. A., Plattner, R. D., Kubena, L. F. and Phillips, T. D., 1997. Oxidative degradation and detoxification of mycotoxins using a novel source of ozone. Food Chem Toxicol 35, 807-20.

McMillan, J. and Miller, D. J., 1989. Nucleotide sequences of highly repetitive DNA from scleractinian corals. Gene 83, 185-6.

McNeil, P. L., 1981. Mechanisms of nutritive endocytosis. I. Phagocytic versatility and cellular recognition in Chlorohydra digestive cells, a scanning electron microscope study. J. Cell Sci. 49, 311-39.

McNeil, P. L., 1984. Mechanisms of nutritive endocytosis. III. A freeze-fracture study of phagocytosis by digestive cells of Chlorohydra. Tissue Cell 16, 519-33.

Mebs, D., 1984. Lack of toxins in alcoholic extracts of the sponge Tedania ignis. Toxicon 22, 821-2.

Mebs, D., 1994. Anemonefish symbiosis: vulnerability and resistance of fish to the toxin of the sea anemone. Toxicon 32, 1059-68.

Mebs, D., 1998. Occurrence and sequestration of toxins in food chains. Toxicon 36, 1519-22.

Mebs, D. and Gebauer, E., 1979. Biologically active polypeptides from a sea anemone. Naturwissenschaften 66, 207-8.

Mebs, D. and Gebauer, E., 1980. Isolation of proteinase inhibitory, toxic and hemolytic polypeptides from a sea anemone. Stoichactis sp. Toxicon 18, 97-106.

Mebs, D., Liebrich, M., Reul, A. and Samejima, Y., 1983. Hemolysins and proteinase inhibitors from sea anemones of the Gulf of Aqaba. Toxicon 21, 257-64.

Mechawar, N. and Anctil, M., 1997. Melatonin in a primitive metazoan: seasonal changes of levels and immunohistochemical visualization in neurons. J Comp Neurol 387, 243-54.

Meech, R., 1989. Synaptic transmission. Broad minded on narrow spikes [news]. Nature 340, 594.

Meech, R. W. and Mackie, G. O., 1993. Ionic currents in giant motor axons of the jellyfish, Aglantha digitale. J Neurophysiol 69, 884-93.

Meech, R. W. and Mackie, G. O., 1993. Potassium channel family in giant motor axons of Aglantha digitale. J Neurophysiol 69, 894-901.

Meech, R. W. and Mackie, G. O., 1995. Synaptic potentials and threshold currents underlying spike production in motor giant axons of Aglantha digitale. J Neurophysiol 74, 1662-70.

Meigel, W., Pontz, B., Timpl, R., Hieber, E., Nordwig, A., Steffen, C. and Kuhn, K., 1971. Comparative immunologic studies on fish and invertebrate collagens. J Immunol 107, 1146-51.

Meikle, P., Richards, G. N. and Yellowlees, D., 1987. Structural determination of the oligosaccharide side chains from a glycoprotein isolated from the mucus of the coral Acropora formosa. J Biol Chem 262, 16941-7.

Meinardi, E., Florin-Christensen, M., Paratcha, G., Azcurra, J. M. and Florin-Christensen, J., 1995. The molecular basis of the self/nonself selectivity of a coelenterate toxin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 216, 348-54.

Meinhardt, H., 1993. A model for pattern formation of hypostome, tentacles, and foot in hydra: how to form structures close to each other, how to form them at a distance. Dev. Biol. 157, 321-33.

Meinhardt, H., 2000. Models for organizer and notochord formation. C R Acad Sci III 323, 23-30.

Meinhardt, H. and Gierer, A., 1974. Applications of a theory of biological pattern formation based on lateral inhibition. J. Cell Sci. 15, 321-46.

Meints, R. H. and Pardy, R. L., 1980. Quantitative demonstration of cell surface involvement in a plant-animal symbiosis: lectin inhibition of reassociation. J Cell Sci 43, 239-51.

Melnick, M. B., Noll, E. and Perrimon, N., 1993. The Drosophila stubarista phenotype is associated with a dosage effect of the putative ribosome-associated protein D-p40 on spineless. Genetics 135, 553-64.

Mena, P. L. and Djerassi, C., 1985. Synthesis of 5,9-hexacosadienoic acid phospholipids. 11. Phospholipid studies of marine organisms. Chem Phys Lipids 37, 257-70.

Menahem, S. and Shvartzman, P., 1994. Recurrent dermatitis from jellyfish envenomation. Can Fam Physician 40, 2116-8.

Mendes, E. G., 1976. Chemical mediation in Coelenterata. An Acad Bras Cienc 47, 101-4.

Mendes, E. G. and de Freitas, J. C., 1984. The responses of isolated preparations of Bunodosoma caissarum (Correa, 1964) (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) to drugs. Comp Biochem Physiol C 79, 375-82.

Menendez, R., Mas, R., Garateix, A., Garcia, M. and Chavez, M., 1990. Effects of a high molecular weight polypeptidic toxin from Physalia physalis (Portuguese man-of-war) on cholinergic responses. Comp Biochem Physiol C 95, 63-9.

Meneses, P. and Glonek, T., 1988. High resolution 31P NMR of extracted phospholipids. J Lipid Res 29, 679-89.

Menestrina, G., Cabiaux, V. and Tejuca, M., 1999. Secondary structure of sea anemone cytolysins in soluble and membrane bound form by infrared spectroscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 254, 174-80.

Mercer, E. H. and Singh, A. P., 1975. Endosymbiosis and cellular tolerance in the Hawaiian soft coral Sarcothelia edmondsoni verrill. Adv Exp Med Biol 64, 69-76.

Mercier, J., Piot, B., Gueguen, P., Cantaloube, D., Blanc, J. L., Boutault, F., Cariou, J. L., Devauchelle, B., Pellerin, P., Peri, G., Ricbourg, B., Stricker, M. and Wilk, A., 1996. [The coral orbital floor. Its value in traumatology. The results of a multicenter study of 83 cases]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 97, 324-31.

Merker, H. J., Seinsch, W. and Gunther, T., 1973. [Electron microscopic picture of collagen in correlation to chemical composition seen in the sea anemone (Metridium dianthus)]. Zentralbl Veterinarmed [C] 2, 147-55.

Metezeau, P., Bourneau, R., Mambrini, J. and Tazieff-Depierre, F., 1979. [Effects of a neurotoxin isolated from the sea anemone, Anemonia sulcata, at frog neuromuscular junction (author's transl)]. J Physiol (Paris) 75, 873-9.

Metezeau, P. and Desban, M., 1982. Botulinum toxin type A: kinetics of calcium dependent paralysis of the neuromuscular junction and antagonism by drugs and animal toxins. Toxicon 20, 649-54.

Metezeau, P., Tazieff-Depierre, F., Mambrini, J. and Bournaud, R., 1979. Electrophysiological study of Anemonia sulcata toxin (ATX II) at frog neuromuscular junction. Naturwissenschaften 66, 585-6.

Metrione, R. M., Schweitz, H. and Walsh, K. A., 1987. The amino acid sequence of toxin RpIII from the sea anemone, Radianthus paumotensis. FEBS Lett 218, 59-62.

Metzker, A. and Grunwald, Z., 1985. Coral injury. Case report of injury, late effect and therapy. Isr J Med Sci 21, 992-4.

Meves, H., Rubly, N. and Watt, D. D., 1984. Voltage-dependent effect of a scorpion toxin on sodium current inactivation. Pflugers Arch 402, 24-33.

Miao, L. and Liu, B., 1997. [Experimental study of coral implantation in repair of skull bone defect in rabbit: histomorphometry of bone]. Chung Kuo Hsiu Fu Chung Chien Wai Ko Tsa Chih 11, 132-5.

Miao, L. and Liu, B., 1997. [Subperiosteal implantation of block coral on the rabbit cavarial bone]. Chung Hua Kou Chiang Hsueh Tsa Chih 32, 221-3.

Michaels, D. W., 1979. Membrane damage by a toxin from the sea anemone Stoichactis helianthus. I. Formation of transmembrane channels in lipid bilayers. Biochim Biophys Acta 555, 67-78.

Middlebrook, R. E. and Lane, C. E., 1968. Cholesterol in Physalia physalis. Comp Biochem Physiol 24, 507-10.

Middlebrook, R. E., Wittle, L. W., Scura, E. D. and Lane, C. E., 1971. Isolation and purification of a toxin from Millepora dichotoma. Toxicon 9, 333-6.

Miescher, P. A., 1980. Speculation on the phylogeny of cellular recognition. Springer Semin Immunopathol 3, 265-75.

Migues, P. V., Leal, R. B., Mantovani, M., Nicolau, M. and Gabilan, N. H., 1999. Synaptosomal glutamate release induced by the fraction Bc2 from the venom of the sea anemone Bunodosoma caissarum. Neuroreport 10, 67-70.

Mikhalev, P. V., 1970. [A follow-up study of patients exposed to the sting of a toxic medusa (gonionema)]. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 70, 1850-6.

Miles, A. and Miller, D. J., 1992. Genomes of diploblastic organisms contain homeoboxes: sequence of eveC, an even-skipped homologue from the cnidarian Acropora formosa. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 248, 159-61.

Miller, D. J. and Harrison, P., 1990. Molecular and developmental biology of the Cnidaria--basic aspects and phylogenetic implications. Aust J Biotechnol 4, 241-5, 250.

Miller, D. J., Harrison, P. L., Mahony, T. J., McMillan, J. P., Miles, A., Odorico, D. M. and ten Lohuis, M. R., 1993. Nucleotide sequence of the histone gene cluster in the coral Acropora formosa (Cnidaria; Scleractinia): features of histone gene structure and organization are common to diploblastic and triploblastic metazoans. J Mol Evol 37, 245-53.

Miller, D. J., Hayward, D. C., Reece-Hoyes, J. S., Scholten, I., Catmull, J., Gehring, W. J., Callaerts, P., Larsen, J. E. and Ball, E. E., 2000. Special Feature: Pax gene diversity in the basal cnidarian Acropora millepora (Cnidaria, Anthozoa): Implications for the evolution of the Pax gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 4475-4480.

Miller, D. J., McMillan, J., Miles, A., ten Lohuis, M. and Mahony, T., 1990. Nucleotide sequence of the histone H3-encoding gene from the scleractinian coral Acropora formosa (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Gene 93, 319-20.

Miller, D. J. and Miles, A., 1993. Homeobox genes and the zootype [letter]. Nature 365, 215-6.

Miller, J. A., Jr., Miller, F. S., DeSha, D. L. and Heidger, P. M., Jr., 1969. Hyperbaric oxygen and succinic dehydrogenase in tubularian development. Biol. Bull. 137, 494-505.

Miller, R. L., 1966. Chemotaxis during fertilization in the hydroid Campanularia. J Exp Zool 162, 23-44.

Miller, R. L., 1972. Gel filtration of the sperm attractants of some marine hydrozoa. J Exp Zool 182, 281-97.

Miller, R. L., 1977. Chemotactic behavior of the sperm of chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora). J Exp Zool 202, 203-11.

Miller, R. L. and O'Rand, M. G., 1975. Utilization of chemical specificity during fertilization in the hydrozoa. pp. 15-26. In: Afzelius BA, ed. The functional anatomy of the spermatozoon. New York, Pergamon Press,

Minagawa, S., Ishida, M., Nagashima, Y. and Shiomi, K., 1998. Primary structure of a potassium channel toxin from the sea anemone Actinia equina. FEBS Lett 427, 149-51.

Minagawa, S., Ishida, M., Shimakura, K., Nagashima, Y. and Shiomi, K., 1997. Isolation and amino acid sequences of two Kunitz-type protease inhibitors from the sea anemone Anthopleura aff. xanthogrammica. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 118, 381-6.

Minc-Golomb, D., Eimerl, S. and Schramm, M., 1989. Cysteine sulfinic acid-induced release of D-[3H]aspartate and [14C]GABA in hippocampus slices: the role of sodium channels and cAMP. Brain Res 490, 205-11.

Minko, I., Holloway, S. P., Nikaido, S., Carter, M., Odom, O. W., Johnson, C. H. and Herrin, D. L., 1999. Renilla luciferase as a vital reporter for chloroplast gene expression in Chlamydomonas. Mol Gen Genet 262, 421-5.

Minobe, S., Koizumi, O. and Sugiyama, T., 1995. Nerve cell differentiation in nerve-free tissue of epithelial hydra from precursor cells introduced by grafting. I. Tentacles and hypostome. Dev Biol 172, 170-81.

Mira Gutierrez, J., 1985. [Urticaria-causing coelenterates of the Spanish coasts: medical and health study of nematotoxism]. Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr) 59, 1359-86.

Miralles, J., Barnathan, G., Galonnier, R., Sall, T., Samb, A., Gaydou, E. M. and Kornprobst, J. M., 1995. New branched-chain fatty acids from the Senegalese gorgonian Leptogorgia piccola (white and yellow morphs). Lipids 30, 459-66.

Mire, P. and Watson, G. M., 1997. Mechanotransduction of hair bundles arising from multicellular complexes in anemones. Hear Res 113, 224-34.

Mire-Thibodeaux, P. and Watson, G. M., 1994. Morphodynamic hair bundles arising from sensory cell/supporting cell complexes frequency-tune nematocyst discharge in sea anemones. J Exp Zool 268, 282-92.

Mishchenko, T., Korotchenko, O. D. and Isai, S. V., 1982. [Search for prostaglandin-like substances in marine organisms]. Biull Eksp Biol Med 94, 94-6.

Misteli, T. and Spector, D. L., 1997. Applications of the green fluorescent protein in cell biology and biotechnology. Nat Biotechnol 15, 961-4.

Mitchel, J. C., 1975. Biochemical basis of geographic ecology: Part 1. Int J Dermatol 14, 239-50.

Mitchell, J. H., 1970. Ocular injuries due to jellyfish. Trans Aust Coll Ophthalmol 2, 96-9.

Mitgutsch, C., Hauser, F. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1999. Expression and developmental regulation of the Hydra-RFamide and Hydra-LWamide preprohormone genes in Hydra: evidence for transient phases of head formation. Dev Biol 207, 189-203.

Mitra, J., 1969. Relative radio-sensitivity of different cell-types in Hydra. Gegenbaurs Morphol. Jahrb. 114, 258-68.

Mitra, J., 1970. Differential X-ray sensitivity of hydras in relation to age. Indian J Exp Biol 8, 302-3.

Mitsutake, S., Kita, K., Nakagawa, T. and Ito, M., 1998. Enzymatic synthesis of 14C-glycosphingolipids by reverse hydrolysis reaction of sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase: detection of endoglycoceramidase activity in a seaflower. J Biochem (Tokyo) 123, 859-63.

Miura, S., Burnett, J. W. and Aurelian, L., 1993. Immunity to jellyfish venoms: suppression of venom-induced immune responses in ultraviolet B-irradiated mice. Toxicon 31, 1415-22.

Miura, S., Burnett, J. W. and Aurelian, L., 1996. Ultraviolet light and immunity to coelenterate venom. Cutis 57, 201-4.

Miura, S. and Kimura, S., 1985. Jellyfish mesogloea collagen. Characterization of molecules as alpha 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 heterotrimers. J Biol Chem 260, 15352-6.

Miyake, M. and Shibata, S., 1981. A novel mode of neurotoxin action. A polypeptide toxin isolated from Anemonia sulcata shifts the voltage dependence of the maximal rate of rise of Na+ action potentials in a mouse neuronal clone. Mol Pharmacol 20, 453-6.

Miyamoto, T., Takenaka, Y., Yamada, K. and Higuchi, R., 1995. Bioactive diterpenoids from Octocorallia, 2. Deoxyxeniolide B, a novel ichthyotoxic diterpenoid from the soft coral Xenia elongata. J Nat Prod 58, 924-8.

Miyamoto, T., Yamada, K., Ikeda, N., Komori, T. and Higuchi, R., 1994. Bioactive terpenoids from Octocorallia, I. Bioactive diterpenoids: litophynols A and B from the mucus of the soft coral Litophyton sp. J Nat Prod 57, 1212-9.

Mizuno, J. and Takeda, N., 1988. Phylogenetic study of the arginine-vasotocin/arginine-vasopressin-like immunoreactive system in invertebrates. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 91, 739-47.

Mizuno, J. and Takeda, N., 1988. Phylogenetic study of the oxytocin-like immunoreactive system in invertebrates. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 91, 733-8.

Mohammed, C. I. and Levy, B. M., 1966. Corals: their use in dental research. J Dent Res 45, 1052-8.

Mohri, H., Inaba, K., Kubo-Irie, M., Takai, H. and Yano-Toyoshima, Y., 1999. Characterization of outer arm dynein in sea anemone, Anthopleura midori. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 44, 202-8.

Moisescu, D. G., Ashley, C. C. and Campbell, A. K., 1975. Comparative aspects of the calcium-sensitive photoproteins aequorin and obelin. Biochim Biophys Acta 396, 133-40.

Mokady, O. and Buss, L. W., 1996. Transmission genetics of allorecognition in Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Cnidaria:Hydrozoa). Genetics 143, 823-827.

Mokady, O. and Buss, L. W., 1997. Genetics of allorecognition in Hydractinia [letter; comment]. Genetics 145, 861.

Mokady, O., Dick, M. H., Lackschewitz, D., Schierwater, B. and Buss, L. W., 1998. Over one-half billion years of head conservation? Expression of an ems class gene in Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, 3673-8.

Mokady, O., Dick, M. H., Lackschewitz, D., Schierwater, B. and Buss, L. W., 1998. Over one-half billion years of head conservation?: Expression of an ems class gene in Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., USA 95, 3673-3678.

Mokady, O., Loya, Y., Achituv, Y., Geffen, E., Graur, D., Rozenblatt, S. and Brickner, I., 1999. Speciation versus phenotypic plasticity in coral inhabiting barnacles: Darwin's observations in an ecological context. J Mol Evol 49, 367-75.

Mokady, O., Rozenblatt, S., Graur, D. and Loya, Y., 1994. Coral-host specificity of Red Sea Lithophaga bivalves: interspecific and intraspecific variation in 12S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 3, 158-64.

Moldowan, J. M., Tan, W. L. and Djerassi, C., 1975. 24xi-Methylcholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 12beta, 25-pentol 25-monoacetate, a novel polyoxygenated marine sterol. Steroids 26, 107-28.

Moldowan, J. M., Tursch, B. M. and Djerassi, C., 1974. 24Epsilon-methylcholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta,25-tetrol 25-monoacetate. A novel polyhydroxylated steroid from an alcyonarian. Steroids 24, 387-98.

Molgo, J., Lemeignan, M. and Tazieff-Depierre, F., 1986. Enhancement by Anemonia sulcata toxin II of spontaneous quantal transmitter release from mammalian motor nerve terminals. Toxicon 24, 441-50.

Molgo, J. and Mallart, A., 1985. Effects of Anemonia sulcata toxin II on presynaptic currents and evoked transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions of the mouse. Pflugers Arch 405, 349-53.

Molodtsov, N. V. and Vafina, M. G., 1972. The distribution of -N-acetylglucosaminidase in marine invertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 41, 113-20.

Molodtsov, N. V. and Vafina, M. G., 1974. Carbohydrases with unusual specificities. 3. A hydrolase splitting p-nitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-benzamido-beta-D-glucopyranoside--distribution in marine invertebrates and certain mushrooms. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 48, 257-60.

Molodtsov, N. V., Vafina, M. G., Kim, A., Sundukova, E. V., Artyukov, A. A. and Blinov, Y. G., 1974. Glycosidases of marine invertebrates from Posiet Bay, Sea of Japan. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 48, 463-70.

Monastyrnaia, M. M., Zykova, T. A. and Kozlovskaia, E. P., 1999. [Isolation and characteristics of high molecular weight cytolysins from the sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus]. Bioorg Khim 25, 733-41.

Monks, S. A., Gould, A. R., Lumley, P. E., Alewood, P. F., Kem, W. R., Goss, N. H. and Norton, R. S., 1994. Limited proteolysis study of structure-function relationships in Sh I, a polypeptide neurotoxin from a sea anemone. Biochim Biophys Acta 1207, 93-101.

Monks, S. A., Norton, R. S., Curtain, C. C. and Berliner, L. J., 1996. Preparation and characterization of a biologically active spin-labeled sea anemone toxin. J Protein Chem 15, 427-34.

Monks, S. A., Pallaghy, P. K., Scanlon, M. J. and Norton, R. S., 1995. Solution structure of the cardiostimulant polypeptide anthopleurin-B and comparison with anthopleurin-A [published erratum appears in Structure 1995 Oct 15;3(10):1126]. Structure 3, 791-803.

Monroe, J. J. and Tashjian, A. H., Jr., 1995. Actions of palytoxin on Na+ and Ca2+ homeostasis in human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. Am J Physiol 269, C582-9.

Monroe, J. J. and Tashjian, A. H., Jr., 1996. Palytoxin modulates cytosolic pH in human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells via an interaction with Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase. Am J Physiol 270, C1277-83.

Monroy, A., 1980. Cell-cell recognition. Biomedicine 32, 103-5.

Mookerjee, A., 1971. Studies on some physico-chemical properties of DNA isolated from fresh-water sponge, Ephydatia meyeni. Indian J Exp Biol 9, 227-8.

Mookerjee, A., 1974. Electron microscopic studies on the configuration of DNA & chromatin fibres of Hydra vulgaris. Indian J Exp Biol 12, 146-52.

Mookerjee, A., 1974. Electron microscopic studies on the configuration of DNA and chromatin fibres of Hydra vulgaris. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 12, 146-52.

Mookerjee, S., 1966. Descending column of cells in hydra. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 4, 239-41.

Mookerjee, S., 1972. Cell absorption in the body wall of hydra. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 10, 1-4.

Mookerjee, S. and Aditya, A., 1966. Regeneration time in irradiated hydras. Indian J Exp Biol 4, 201-5.

Mookerjee, S. and Chakravarty, A., 1966. Nature of fibres in Hydra. Acta Histochem. 23, 249-58.

Mookerjee, S. and Roy, P., 1967. Abnormal fissions in dimethyl sulphate treated hydras. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 110, 574-8.

Mookerjee, S. and Roy, T., 1971. Determination of cell flow in an impaired condition of growth zone in hydra. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 9, 214-7.

Moore, G. P., 1971. Cytophotometric studies of nucleic acids and basic proteins during somatic and germinal differentiation of the interstitial cells of Hydra cauliculata (Hyman 1938). Exp. Cell Res. 69, 307-12.

Moore, G. P., 1973. Basic nuclear proteins in a coelenterate; a cytochemical demonstration of histones in Hydra. Acta Histochem. 47, 25-9.

Moore, L. B. and Campbell, R. D., 1973. Bud initiation in a non-budding strain of hydra: role of interstitial cells. J. Exp. Zool. 184, 397-408.

Moore, L. B. and Campbell, R. D., 1973. Non-budding strains of hydra: isolation from sexual crosses and developmental regulation of form. J. Exp. Zool. 185, 73-81.

Moore, R. E., 1985. Structure of palytoxin. Fortschr Chem Org Naturst 48, 81-202.

Moore, R. E., Dietrich, R. F., Hatton, B., Higa, T. and Scheur, P. J., 1975. The nature of the ambda 263 chromophore in the palytoxins. J Org Chem 40, 540-2.

Moore, R. E. and Scheuer, P. J., 1971. Palytoxin: a new marine toxin from a coelenterate. Science 172, 495-8.

Moore, R. J. and Huxley, C. J., 1976. Aversive behaviour of crown-of-thorns starfish to coral evoked by food-related chemicals. Nature 263, 407-9.

Moosler, A., Rinehart, K. L. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1996. Isolation of four novel neuropeptides, the hydra-RFamides I-IV, from Hydra magnipapillata. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 229, 596-602.

Moosler, A., Rinehart, K. L. and Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J., 1997. Isolation of three novel neuropeptides, the Cyanea-RFamides I-III, from Scyphomedusae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 236, 743-9.

Mora, F. and Ouhayoun, J. P., 1995. Clinical evaluation of natural coral and porous hydroxyapatite implants in periodontal bone lesions: results of a 1-year follow-up. J Clin Periodontol 22, 877-84.

Morales, J. J., Lorenzo, D. and Rodriguez, A. D., 1991. Application of two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy in the structural determination of marine natural products. Isolation and total structural assignment of 4-deoxyasbestinin diterpenes from the Caribbean gorgonian Briareum asbestinum. J Nat Prod 54, 1368-82.

Mori, K., Iguchi, K., Yamada, N., Yamada, Y. and Inouye, Y., 1988. Bioactive marine diterpenoids from Japanese soft coral of Clavularia sp. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 36, 2840-52.

Morin, J. G. and Hastings, J. W., 1971. Biochemistry of the bioluminescence of colonial hydroids and other coelenterates. J Cell Physiol 77, 305-12.

Morin, J. G. and Hastings, J. W., 1971. Energy transfer in a bioluminescent system. J Cell Physiol 77, 313-8.

Morin, J. G. and Reynolds, G. T., 1974. The cellular origin of bioluminescence in the colonial hydroid Obelia. Biol Bull 147, 397-410.

Morise, H., Shimomura, O., Johnson, F. H. and Winant, J., 1974. Intermolecular energy transfer in the bioluminescent system of Aequorea. Biochemistry 13, 2656-62.

Morita, K., Teraoka, K., Azuma, M., Oka, M. and Hamano, S., 1991. Tetrodotoxin-insensitive Na+ channel activator palytoxin inhibits tyrosine uptake into cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Mol Pharmacol 40, 112-7.

Moriyoshi, K., Richards, L. J., Akazawa, C., O'Leary, D. D. and Nakanishi, S., 1996. Labeling neural cells using adenoviral gene transfer of membrane-targeted GFP. Neuron 16, 255-60.

Morris, L. A., Christie, E. M., Jaspars, M. and van Ofwegen, L. P., 1998. A bioactive secosterol with an unusual A- and B-ring oxygenation pattern isolated from an Indonesian soft coral Lobophytum sp. J Nat Prod 61, 538-41.

Morris, R. J., 1970. Phthalic acid in the deep sea jellyfish Atolla. Nature 227, 1264.

Morris, S. C., 1998. Eggs and embryos from the Cambrian. Bioessays 20, 676-82.

Morse, D. E., Kayne, M., Tidyman, M. and Anderson, S., 1978. Capacity for biosynthesis of prostaglandin-related compounds: distribution and properties of the rate-limiting enzyme in hydrocorals, gorgoniants, and other coelenterates of the Caribbean and Pacific. Biol Bull 154, 440-52.

Morse, M., 1909. The autotomy of the hydranth ofTubularia. Biol. Bull. 16, 172-182.

Morton, B. E., Fraser, C. F., Thenawidjaja, M., Albagli, L. and Rayner, M. D., 1982. Potent inhibition of sperm motility by palytoxin. Exp Cell Res 140, 261-5.

Morton, S. L., Moeller, P. D., Young, K. A. and Lanoue, B., 1998. Okadaic acid production from the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum belizeanum Faust isolated from the Belizean coral reef ecosystem. Toxicon 36, 201-6.

Moss, A. G. and Tamm, S. L., 1986. Electrophysiological control of ciliary motor responses in the ctenophore Pleurobrachia. J Comp Physiol [A] 158, 311-30.

Moss, J. B., Price, A. L., Raz, E., Driever, W. and Rosenthal, N., 1996. Green fluorescent protein marks skeletal muscle in murine cell lines and zebrafish. Gene 173, 89-98.

Mosser, D. D., Caron, A. W., Bourget, L., Jolicoeur, P. and Massie, B., 1997. Use of a dicistronic expression cassette encoding the green fluorescent protein for the screening and selection of cells expressing inducible gene products. Biotechniques 22, 150-4, 156, 158-61.

Mounier, N., Gouy, M., Mouchiroud, D. and Prudhomme, J. C., 1992. Insect muscle actins differ distinctly from invertebrate and vertebrate cytoplasmic actins. J. Mol. Evol. 34, 406-15.

Muhvich, K. H., Sengottuvelu, S., Manson, P. N., Myers, R. A., Burnett, J. W. and Marzella, L., 1991. Pathophysiology of sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha), envenomation in a rat model and the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and verapamil treatment. Toxicon 29, 857-66.

Muldoon, R. R., Levy, J. P., Kain, S. R., Kitts, P. A. and Link, C. J., Jr., 1997. Tracking and quantitation of retroviral-mediated transfer using a completely humanized, red-shifted green fluorescent protein gene. Biotechniques 22, 162-7.

Muller, P., Yanze, N., Schmid, V. and Spring, J., 1999. The homeobox gene Otx of the jellyfish Podocoryne carnea: role of a head gene in striated muscle and evolution. Dev Biol 216, 582-94.

Muller, W., 1966. [Elimination of I cells and inhibition of planulametamorphosis by alkylating cytostatics]. Naturwissenschaften 53, 184-5.

Muller, W., 1968. [Elimination of I-cells by alkylating cytostatics and their effects on the embryonal development of Hydractinia echniata]. Exp Cell Res 49, 448-58.

Muller, W. A., 1984. Retinoids and pattern formation in a hydroid. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 81, 253-71.

Muller, W. A., 1990. Ectopic head and foot formation in Hydra: diacylglycerol-induced increase in positional value and assistance of the head in foot formation. Differentiation 42, 131-43.

Muller, W. A., 1991. Stimulation of head-specific nerve cell formation in Hydra by pulses of diacylglycerol. Dev. Biol. 147, 460-3.

Muller, W. A., 1995. Competition for factors and cellular resources as a principle of pattern formation in Hydra. I. Increase of the potentials for head and bud formation and rescue of the regeneration-deficient mutant reg-16 by treatment with diacylglycerol and arachidonic acid. Dev. Biol. 167, 159-74.

Muller, W. A., 1995. Competition for factors and cellular resources as a principle of pattern formation in Hydra. II. Assistance of foot formation by heads and buds and a new model of pattern control. Dev. Biol. 167, 175-89.

Muller, W. A., 1996. Competition-based head versus foot decision in chimeric hydras. Int J Dev Biol 40, 1133-9.

Muller, W. A., 1996. Head formation at the basal end and mirror-image pattern duplication in Hydra vulgaris. Int J Dev Biol 40, 1119-31.

Muller, W. A., 1996. Pattern formation in the immortal Hydra. Trends Genet 12, 91-6.

Muller, W. A., Bartsch, C., Bartsch, H., Maidonis, I. and Bayer, E., 1998. Hormonal factors from the mammalian pineal gland interfere with cell development in Hydra. Int J Dev Biol 42, 821-4.

Muller, W. A., Bartsch, C., Bartsch, H., Maidonis, I. and Bayer, E., 1998. Low-molecular-weight hormonal factors that affect head formation in Hydra. Int J Dev Biol 42, 825-8.

Muller, W. A. and El-Shershaby, E., 1981. Electrical current and cAMP induce lateral branching in the stolon of hydroids. Dev Biol 87, 24-9.

Muller, W. A., Leitz, T., Stephan, M. and Lehmann, W. D., 1993. Arachidonic Acid and the Control Of Body Pattern In Hydra. Rouxs Archives Of Developmental Biology 202, 70-76.

Muller, W. E., Dorn, A. and Uhlenbruck, G., 1985. The molecular mechanisms of the distinct calcium-dependent aggregation systems in marine sponges and corals. Acta Histochem Suppl 31, 37-46.

Muller, W. E., Muller, I., Zahn, R. K. and Maidhof, A., 1984. Intraspecific recognition system in scleractinian corals: morphological and cytochemical description of the autolysis mechanism. J Histochem Cytochem 32, 285-8.

Mullin, J. M., Snock, K. V. and McGinn, M. T., 1991. Effects of apical vs. basolateral palytoxin on LLC-PK1 renal epithelia. Am J Physiol 260, C1201-11.

Munoz, M. O., Atkinson, B. and Idler, D. R., 1976. Sterol and lipid composition of Phymactis clematis (Drayton). Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 54, 231-2.

Muramatsu, I., Nishio, M., Kigoshi, S. and Uemura, D., 1988. Single ionic channels induced by palytoxin in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Br J Pharmacol 93, 811-6.

Muramatsu, I., Uemura, D., Fujiwara, M. and Narahashi, T., 1984. Characteristics of palytoxin-induced depolarization in squid axons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 231, 488-94.

Muramoto, K. and Kamiya, H., 1990. Recovery of tryptophan in peptides and proteins by high-temperature and short-term acid hydrolysis in the presence of phenol. Anal Biochem 189, 223-30.

Murate, M., Kishimoto, Y., Sugiyama, T., Fujisawa, T., Takahashi-Iwanaga, H. and Iwanaga, T., 1997. Hydra regeneration from recombined ectodermal and endodermal tissue. II. Differential stability in the ectodermal and endodermal epithelial organization. J Cell Sci 110, 1919-34.

Murayama, K., Abbott, N. J., Narahashi, T. and Shapiro, B. I., 1972. Effects of allethrin and Condylactis toxin on the kinetics of sodium conductance of crayfish axon membranes. Comp Gen Pharmacol 3, 391-400.

Murzina, N. B., Khomichuk, A. Y., Timoshin, S. S., Obukhova, G. G., Anosova, O. A. and Berezina, G. P., 1991. Effect Of Hydra Peptide Morphogen On Levels Of Beta-Endorphin and Certain Hormones In Albino Rat Blood and Adrenals. Bulletin Of Experimental Biology and Medicine 112, 1510-1512.

Muscatine, L., 1965. Symbiosis of hydra and algae. 3. Extracellular products of the algae. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 16, 77-92.

Muscatine, L., Cook, C. B., Pardy, R. L. and Pool, R. R., 1975. Uptake, recognition and maintenance of symbiotic Chlorella by Hydra viridis. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 175-203.

Muscatine, L. and McAuley, P. J., 1982. Transmission of symbiotic algae to eggs of green hydra. Cytobios 33, 111-24.

Muscatine, L. and McNeil, P. L., 1989. Endosymbiosis In Hydra and the Evolution Of Internal Defense Systems. American Zoologist 29, 371-386.

Muscatine, L. and Pool, R. R., 1979. Regulation of numbers of intracellular algae. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 204, 131-9.

Muscatine, L., Pool, R. R. and Trench, R. K., 1975. Symbiosis of algae and invertebrates: aspects of the symbiont surface and the host-symbiont interface. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 94, 450-69.

Mustafa, M. R., White, E., Hongo, K., Othman, I. and Orchard, C. H., 1995. The mechanism underlying the cardiotoxic effect of the toxin from the jellyfish Chironex fleckeri. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 133, 196-206.